Controversies in plastic surgery: Suction-assisted lipectomy (SAL) and the hCG (human chorionic gonadotropin) protocol for obesity treatment

Vogt, T; Belluscio, Daniel Oscar

doi:10.1007/bf01575502

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 220 publications

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“…However, the present experiments (lipolysis, cAMP production, FAS, and ADD1 mRNA expression) lead to discard the hypothesis of an eventual and direct HCG control of lipogenesis and lipolysis in human adipose tissue in vitro. These negative findings, which are consistent with another in vitro study (Farmer et al 1972), allow postulating another site of action for HCG to explain the beneficial effects of the HCG-SRCD association reported by some investigators (Vogt & Belluscio 1987). HCG administration in humans stimulates the secretion of growth hormone, which is a potent lipolytic factor in human adipose tissue (Felig et al 1971).…”

Section: P%0supporting

confidence: 77%

In vitro effects of chorionic gonadotropin hormone on human adipose development

Santos¹,

Dieudonné²,

Leneveu³

et al. 2007

Journal of Endocrinology

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It is well known that pregnancy is associated with fat weight gain. However, the mechanisms whereby fat mass accumulation is controlled during this period are poorly understood. Therefore, we attempted to determine whether human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG), in vitro, influences human adipose tissue development and/or metabolism. For the first time, HCG/LH receptor was characterized in human adipose cells. We also demonstrated that physiological concentrations of HCG, while unaltering both lipolysis and expression of two markers of lipogenesis (FAS and ADD1) in human mature adipocytes, stimulate human preadipocyte growth via the activation of a protein kinase A-independent mitogen-activated protein kinase/c-fos signaling pathway. HCG also moderately increases the preadipocyte differentiation capacity as reflected by enhanced glycerophosphate dehydrogenase activity and expression of key adipogenic transcriptional factors (C/enhancer-binding protein a and peroxisome proliferatoractivated receptor g 2). Finally, HCG significantly stimulates the secretion of the proadipogenic factor, leptin, from human adipose tissue. Taken altogether, these data suggest that the proadipogenic effect of HCG in human preadipocytes contributes to explain why increased fat storage occurs during the first trimester of pregnancy.

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Section: P%0supporting

confidence: 77%

In vitro effects of chorionic gonadotropin hormone on human adipose development

Santos¹,

Dieudonné²,

Leneveu³

et al. 2007

Journal of Endocrinology

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“…Various mechanisms that could explain the above-mentioned effects of HCG in diet therapy have been described in the literature [1,[4][5][6]. None of these theories has a sound scientific basis [7][8][9][10][11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the basis of the data contained in the literature the Simeons therapy seems to have won general acceptance in many countries [4,12,[18][19][20][21][22][23] …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) in the treatment of obesity by means of the Simeons therapy: a criteria‐based meta‐analysis.

Lijesen

Theeuwen

Assendelft

et al. 1995

Brit J Clinical Pharma

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1. A meta‐analysis was conducted to assess if there is scientific ground for the use of human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) as adjunctive therapy in the treatment of obesity. 2. Published papers relating to eight controlled and 16 uncontrolled trials that measured the effect of HCG in the treatment of obesity were traced by computer‐aided search and citation tracking. 3. The trials were scored for the quality of the methods (based on four main categories: study population, interventions, measurement of effect, and data presentation and analysis) and the main conclusion of author(s) with regard to weight‐ loss, fat‐redistribution, hunger, and feeling of well‐being. 4. Methodological scores ranged from 16 to 73 points (maximum score 100), suggesting that most studies were of poor methodological quality. Of the 12 studies scoring 50 or more points, one reported that HCG was a useful adjunct. The studies scoring 50 or more points were all controlled. 5. We conclude that there is no scientific evidence that HCG is effective in the treatment of obesity; it does not bring about weight‐loss of fat‐redistribution, nor does it reduce hunger or induce a feeling of well‐being.

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“…This regimen includes 40 days of treatment with low dose human chorionic gonadotropin (125 units I.M. daily) and 500 calories daily diet 17 . The 1ow amount ot calories given is well to1erated because of induced depressive action of the appetite centers and fat mobilization from fatty deposits by gonadotropin.…”

Section: Ual and Obesitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrasonically Assisted Liposculpturing: Physical and Technical Principles and Clinical Applications

Giuseppe¹

1997

Am J Cosmet Surg

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The physical and technical principles of ultrasonically assisted liposculpturing (UAL) are described, and clinical experience through 4 years (1992–1996) of use of this procedure is presented. The technique relies on the surgical use of ultrasonic energy, which allows the selective destruction or emulsification of adipose tissue, producing a “cream,” which is then aspirated. The procedure produces less edema and bruising than does traditional liposuction and allows a great degree of skin retraction due to “stimulation” of the dermis of the treated areas. Clinical application of ultrasonically assisted liposculpturing is for lipodystrophy, secondary cases, and difficult areas such as the inner thigh, circumferential thigh, calf, and abdomen. There is little blood loss, and a greater volume of fat tissue can be removed in one session. UAL can be used to treat obesity. This method has been applied to surgery of the breast for volume reduction of the adipose components in the fatty breast (mostly in juvenile breast) and for skin retraction after dermis stimulation for correction of minor-degree ptosis. This technique chiefly relies on the selective destruction of mainly the fluid fraction of the adipose tissue, which represents nearly 90% of all the adipose tissue's volume. Contrary to traditional liposuction, which mechanically attacks and destroys all the structures of the dermis that may have undesired side effects, UAL selectively destroys only the target adipocytes and spares the supporting structures of the skin and dermis, such as vessels, nerves, collagenic matrix, and elastic fibers, thus conserving the elasticity of the treated areas.

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Controversies in plastic surgery: Suction-assisted lipectomy (SAL) and the hCG (human chorionic gonadotropin) protocol for obesity treatment

Cited by 10 publications

References 220 publications

In vitro effects of chorionic gonadotropin hormone on human adipose development

In vitro effects of chorionic gonadotropin hormone on human adipose development

The effect of human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) in the treatment of obesity by means of the Simeons therapy: a criteria‐based meta‐analysis.

Ultrasonically Assisted Liposculpturing: Physical and Technical Principles and Clinical Applications

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