Controversies in host defense against surgical site infection

Qadan, Motaz; Cheadle, William G.

doi:10.1586/eri.09.88

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

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“…Micro-perfusion is dramatically altered by vasoconstriction and by arteriovenous shunts, which can allow oxygenated blood to bypass capillary beds resulting in higher venous PO 2 than capillary PO 2 [ 51 ]. The potential for inadequate perfusion to the surgical site is an obstructive hurdle for the effectiveness of systemic interventions to increase PtO 2 [ 52 ]. We propose that maintenance of a warm, humid, high CO 2 surgical site environment during open surgery in the abdomen is a solution that appears to increase perfusion directly at the target site and thereby increase local tissue oxygenation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intra-Operative Tissue Oxygen Tension Is Increased by Local Insufflation of Humidified-Warm CO2 during Open Abdominal Surgery in a Rat Model

Marshall

Lindner

Tait³

et al. 2015

PLoS ONE

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IntroductionMaintenance of high tissue oxygenation (PtO2) is recommended during surgery because PtO2 is highly predictive of surgical site infection and colonic anastomotic leakage. However, surgical site perfusion is often sub-optimal, creating an obstructive hurdle for traditional, systemically applied therapies to maintain or increase surgical site PtO2. This research tested the hypothesis that insufflation of humidified-warm CO2 into the abdominal cavity would increase sub-peritoneal PtO2 during open abdominal surgery.Materials and Methods15 Wistar rats underwent laparotomy under general anesthesia. Three sets of randomized cross-over experiments were conducted in which the abdominal cavity was subjected to alternating exposure to 1) humidified-warm CO2 & ambient air; 2) humidified-warm CO2 & dry-cold CO2; and 3) dry-cold CO2 & ambient air. Sub-peritoneal PtO2 and tissue temperature were measured with a polarographic oxygen probe.ResultsUpon insufflation of humidified-warm CO2, PtO2 increased by 29.8 mmHg (SD 13.3; p<0.001), or 96.6% (SD 51.9), and tissue temperature by 3.0°C (SD 1.7 p<0.001), in comparison with exposure to ambient air. Smaller, but significant, increases in PtO2 were seen in experiments 2 and 3. Tissue temperature decreased upon exposure to dry-cold CO2 compared with ambient air (-1.4°C, SD 0.5, p = 0.001).ConclusionsIn a rat model, insufflation of humidified-warm CO2 into the abdominal cavity during open abdominal surgery causes an immediate and potentially clinically significant increase in PtO2. The effect is an additive result of the delivery of CO2 and avoidance of evaporative cooling via the delivery of the CO2 gas humidified at body temperature.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%