Controversies in EndometrialCancer with Metabolic Syndrome

Abstract

Introduction: All dysfunctions that contribute to metabolic syndrome have been found to be independently associated with increased risk of endometrial cancer. Also metabolic syndrome on its own with dyslipidaemia seems to increase the risk of many cancers, particularly EC.Objective: Was to look into existing challenges about association of metabolic syndrome and EC. Results: Diabetes Mellitus (DM), Hypertension (HTN), PolycysticOvarian Syndrome (PCOS), Tamoxifen use and others are known to be associated with increased incidence of EC. However observations linking hypertension, glucose metabolism, and insulin resistance to EC have come mostly from retrospective studies. It has been assumed that elevated endogenous estrogen in PCOS patients led to EC. Obesity and insulin resistance were not fully recognized as potential risk factors for EC. Also DM has been found to be a risk factor for Type I EC (Oestrogen dependent), but not Type II EC (nonoestrogen dependent) and needs more research. Impact of metformin on ovarian or EC, outcomes, recurrence or overall survival has also been reported. Weight loss and exercise, the most effective steps which women could take to prevent developing metabolic syndrome, could reduce EC too, but still a lot needs to be known. Conclusion:Literature reveals metabolic syndrome with or without obesity has linkage to EC but a lot of research is still needed.