Controls on depositional history and architecture of the Oligocene-Miocene succession, northern North Sea Basin

Rundberg, Yngve; Eidvin, Tor

doi:10.1016/s0928-8937(05)80050-5

Cited by 30 publications

(95 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…During the Early Oligocene the eastern North Sea was occupied by southwards prograding deltaic deposits (Schiøler et al, 2007), reflecting the first evidence for the uplift of southernmost Norway which was subjected to substantial erosion at this time (Michelsen & Nielsen, 1993;Michelsen et al, 1998;Rundberg & Eidvin, 2005;Rasmussen, 2004). This initiated a marked change in sedimentation pattern (Anell et al, 2012).…”

Section: Oligocenementioning

confidence: 99%

Filling the North Sea Basin: Cenozoic sediment sources and river styles

Gibbard¹,

Lewin²

2016

Geol. Belg.

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ABSTRACT. The history of the infilling of the North Sea is outlined, with particular focus on sediment sources and river inputs. In simple terms (for the detail is complex), these sources changed from domination by northwesterly sources from the Shetland area (Paleocene to Eocene), to a geographically more uniform basin-centred pattern, and then northerly input following Fennoscandian uplift (Oligocene and Neogene). Baltic inputs followed via an 'Eridanos (Baltic) River' (Miocene), with cold-climate coarser sediment inputs, and lacustrine episodes resulting from ice damming (Pleistocene). River styles in each of these phases are discussed, with the Cenozoic at first being dominated by low energy fluvial deposition (channel sands, chemically weathered clays, and organic sedimentation) in fluctuating climates. Cold climates in the latest Neogene and Quaternary are seen as major determinant of a change in fluvial style, though these are also associated with tectonic effects, as in Scandinavia. The mediating role of vegetation, relating also to temperature and precipitation, is also likely to have been significant. Narrow valley incision followed the Middle Pleistocene Transition, as well as an increasing importance of Rhine-Meuse sources that had begun earlier.

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Section: Oligocenementioning

confidence: 99%

Filling the North Sea Basin: Cenozoic sediment sources and river styles

Gibbard¹,

Lewin²

2016

Geol. Belg.

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“…The top of the Hordaland Group and the polygonally faulted succession is marked by the mid-Miocene unconformity, a regional unconformity formed by non-deposition and erosion that spans ∼10 Ma (e.g., Eidvin and Rundberg, 2001;Løseth et al, 2013). This erosional event was followed in the Late Miocene to Early Pliocene by deposition of the sandy Utsira Formation and, during the Pliocene and Pleistocene, by marine mudstones of the Nordland Group (e.g., Jordt et al, 1995;Rundberg and Eidvin, 2005).…”

Section: Geological Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinematics of Polygonal Fault Systems: Observations from the Northern North Sea

Wrona¹,

Magee²,

Jackson³

et al. 2017

Preprint

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Layer-bound, low-displacement normal faults, arranged into a broadly polygonal pattern, are common in many sedimentary basins. Despite having constrained their gross geometry, we have a relatively poor understanding of the processes controlling the nucleation and growth (i.e., the kinematics) of polygonal fault systems. In this study we use high-resolution 3-D seismic reflection and borehole data from the northern North Sea to undertake a detailed kinematic analysis of faults forming part of a seismically well-imaged polygonal fault system hosted within the up to 1,000 m thick, Early Palaeocene-to-Middle Miocene mudstones of the Hordaland Group. Growth strata and displacement-depth profiles indicate faulting commenced during the Eocene to early Oligocene, with reactivation possibly occurring in the late Oligocene to middle Miocene. Mapping the position of displacement maxima on 137 polygonal faults suggests that the majority (64%) nucleated in the lower 500 m of the Hordaland Group. The uniform distribution of polygonal fault strikes in the area indicates that nucleation and growth were not driven by gravity or far-field tectonic extension as has previously been suggested. Instead, fault growth was likely facilitated by low coefficients of residual friction on existing slip surfaces, and probably involved significant layer-parallel contraction (strains of 0.01-0.19) of the host strata. To summarize, our kinematic analysis provides new insights into the spatial and temporal evolution of polygonal fault systems.

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“…Removing the 0.3° regional tilt and overlooking the few mounds give a near flat top Hordaland Group unconformity with 40-100 ms high escarpments with bedrock consisting of ooze-rich clays (Tyberg et al 2000). Rundberg & Eidvin (2005) suggested that submarine erosion formed the unconformity. Submarine escarpments can form as headwalls of submarine slides (Gauer et al 2005).…”

Section: How Was the Top Hordaland Group Unconformity Formed?mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There is no generally accepted geological model that explains the nature of the top Hordaland Group unconformity. Rundberg & Eidvin (2005) believed it was formed by submarine erosion whereas Martinsen et al (1999) suggested that the unconformity was formed during subaerial exposure and erosion of the northern North Sea. The top Hordaland Group unconformity is time equivalent to the mid-Miocene unconformity, which has been mapped regionally throughout the North Atlantic (Brekke 2000;Stoker et al 2005;Doré et al 2008).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A few reverse faults have been described along its northern limit in the eastern Møre Basin (Blystad et al 1995;Løseth & Henriksen 2005). Rundberg & Eidvin (2005) described a long-wavelength dome in the northern North Sea and related it to the compression phase. The geomorphological shape of the top Hordaland Group unconformity has never been described in detail in the northern North Sea except for irregular, regionally distributed mounds ( Fig.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Late Cenozoic geological evolution of the northern North Sea: development of a Miocene unconformity reshaped by large-scale Pleistocene sand intrusion

Løseth

Raulline

Nygård

2013

JGS

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Despite hundreds of wells and extensive 3D seismic coverage, the late Cenozoic geological evolution is still not completely understood in the prolific northern North Sea hydrocarbon province. This is mainly due to post-depositional modification of sediment body geometries by injections of large volumes of sand. Using high-quality 3D seismic and well data above the Snorre and Visund Fields we propose a new late Cenozoic geological model that describes pre-injection geomorphological forms and sand injection events.The northern North Sea was exposed during mid-and late Miocene times (10 myr), simultaneously with the regional Miocene compression phase. Subaerial and coastal cliff erosion formed escarpments, up to 100 m high. Around the Miocene-Pliocene boundary the northern North Sea subsided below sea level and a layer of glauconitic sand was deposited. During the early Pleistocene glacial period, high fluid pressures fractured the regional Hordaland Group seal. Fluidized sand either vented to the sea floor or was deposited in irregular sand bodies up to 150 m thick. Above them, the injected sand lifted the overburden and formed irregular mounds that reshaped the top Hordaland Group unconformity regionally. During the glacial period the area was tilted regionally by 0.3° towards the NNE.

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Controls on depositional history and architecture of the Oligocene-Miocene succession, northern North Sea Basin

Cited by 30 publications

References 26 publications

Filling the North Sea Basin: Cenozoic sediment sources and river styles

Filling the North Sea Basin: Cenozoic sediment sources and river styles

Kinematics of Polygonal Fault Systems: Observations from the Northern North Sea

Late Cenozoic geological evolution of the northern North Sea: development of a Miocene unconformity reshaped by large-scale Pleistocene sand intrusion

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