Controlling the dynamics of Förster resonance energy transfer inside a tunable sub-wavelength Fabry–Pérot-resonator

Konrad, Alexander; Metzger, Michael; Kern, Andreas; Brecht, Marc; Meixner, Alfred J.

doi:10.1039/c5nr02027a

Cited by 60 publications

(81 citation statements)

References 37 publications

(58 reference statements)

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“…[7] Photothermald yes loaded into the CD system generate quenching effects because the energy-transfer process between the two fluorophores enables the fluorescencer esonance energy transfer (FRET) phenomenon, which offers ag reat opportunity for simultaneous cancer sensing and photothermal therapy in response to the cancer environment. [19] Using these advantages, this combinationc an potentially be appliedt om onitord elicate interactions between nanomaterial-based delivery systemsw ithouta ny structural changes, therefore allowing carriers to be monitored by the fluorescence on/off system. However,l ike many other developedn anomaterials, the majority of CDs reported thus far still require chemical conjugation with other functional materials to meet the excellent characteristicso fa dvanced drug-delivery systems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

pH/Redox‐Triggered Photothermal Treatment for Cancer Therapy Based on a Dual‐Responsive Cationic Polymer Dot

et al. 2018

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In the present study, a pH/redox‐responsive cationic polymer dot (CD) was successfully prepared for a near‐infrared (NIR)‐mediated, simultaneously controllable photothermal temperature guided imaging off/on system to monitor therapeutic delivery. Carbonized disulfide cross‐linked branched polyethyleneimine (bPEI) was conjugated with folic acid (FA) as a targeting moiety and partially formed an ionic complex with anionic indocyanine green (ICG) to afford a bPEI‐based CD (ICG‐CD). This was responsive to mild reductive (glutathione, GSH) and acidic tumor conditions, which enabled the simultaneous biodegradation of those hydrophobic and complex sites. The ICG‐CD internalized readily into the cytoplasm of cancer cells by a FA receptor and cationic‐mediated endocytosis in the off state, whereas if ICG‐CD met intracellular GSH at high concentrations, GSH contributed partially to the recovery of fluorescence and was then internalized into acidic endosomes to induce complete restoration of fluorescence. This tumor‐sensitive degradability of the CD not only facilitated ICG release in the tumor location but also allowed controllable photothermal therapy effects of nanoparticles under NIR irradiation, which resulted in improved cancer therapy. Taken together, the results indicate great potential in tumor targeting, intracellular imaging, and controllable therapeutic delivery through a fluorescence off/on assay under the pH/redox conditions of cancer cells.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

pH/Redox‐Triggered Photothermal Treatment for Cancer Therapy Based on a Dual‐Responsive Cationic Polymer Dot

et al. 2018

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“…Many factors can affect these types of energy transfer such as the local photonic mode density1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 which can be controlled in the weak light–matter interaction regime. This is typically achieved by placing the quantum emitters in a resonant cavity.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…This is consistent with the entangled and delocalized nature of the polaritonic states.Energy transfer is au biquitous phenomenon in nature and the underlying non-radiative process has been extensively studied over the years and typically relates either short-range dipole-dipole interactions (Fçrster) or electronic exchange (Dexter). [1] Many factors can affect these types of energy transfer such as the local photonic mode density [1][2][3][4][5][6] which can be controlled in the weak light-matter interaction regime. This is typically achieved by placing the quantum emitters in ar esonant cavity.A nother way to modify energy transfer is under strong light-matter coupling as recently demonstrated.…”

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confidence: 99%

Energy Transfer between Spatially Separated Entangled Molecules

et al. 2017

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Light–matter strong coupling allows for the possibility of entangling the wave functions of different molecules through the light field. We hereby present direct evidence of non‐radiative energy transfer well beyond the Förster limit for spatially separated donor and acceptor cyanine dyes strongly coupled to a cavity. The transient dynamics and the static spectra show an energy transfer efficiency approaching 37 % for donor–acceptor distances ≥100 nm. In such systems, the energy transfer process becomes independent of distance as long as the coupling strength is maintained. This is consistent with the entangled and delocalized nature of the polaritonic states.

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“…In such systems,t he energy transfer process becomes independent of distance as long as the coupling strength is maintained. This is consistent with the entangled and delocalized nature of the polaritonic states.Energy transfer is au biquitous phenomenon in nature and the underlying non-radiative process has been extensively studied over the years and typically relates either short-range dipole-dipole interactions (Fçrster) or electronic exchange (Dexter).[1] Many factors can affect these types of energy transfer such as the local photonic mode density [1][2][3][4][5][6] which can be controlled in the weak light-matter interaction regime. This is typically achieved by placing the quantum emitters in ar esonant cavity.A nother way to modify energy transfer is under strong light-matter coupling as recently demonstrated.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[1] Many factors can affect these types of energy transfer such as the local photonic mode density [1][2][3][4][5][6] which can be controlled in the weak light-matter interaction regime. This is typically achieved by placing the quantum emitters in ar esonant cavity.A nother way to modify energy transfer is under strong light-matter coupling as recently demonstrated.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy Transfer between Spatially Separated Entangled Molecules

et al. 2017

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Light-matter strong coupling allows for the possibility of entangling the wave functions of different molecules through the light field. We herebyp resent direct evidence of non-radiative energy transfer well beyond the Fçrster limit for spatially separated donor and acceptor cyanine dyes strongly coupled to ac avity.T he transient dynamics and the static spectra show an energy transfer efficiency approaching 37 % for donor-acceptor distances ! 100 nm. In such systems,t he energy transfer process becomes independent of distance as long as the coupling strength is maintained. This is consistent with the entangled and delocalized nature of the polaritonic states.Energy transfer is au biquitous phenomenon in nature and the underlying non-radiative process has been extensively studied over the years and typically relates either short-range dipole-dipole interactions (Fçrster) or electronic exchange (Dexter).[1] Many factors can affect these types of energy transfer such as the local photonic mode density [1][2][3][4][5][6] which can be controlled in the weak light-matter interaction regime. This is typically achieved by placing the quantum emitters in ar esonant cavity.A nother way to modify energy transfer is under strong light-matter coupling as recently demonstrated. [7,8] In those experiments,b oth the donor Da nd the acceptor Awere coupled to ac avity,l eading to ac ascade of hybrid light-matter or polaritonic states as illustrated in Figure 1a.T he three new hybrid states,n amely the upper (UP), middle (MP) and lower (LP) polaritonic states are quantum mechanically entangled and provide an effective path for energy transfer. This is very much like when the donor and acceptor are chemically linked with an overlap of their wave functions. [7] We reported that the rate of nonradiative energy transfer was increased by af actor of seven under those conditions as compared to the normal situation outside the cavity,w ith ac orresponding effect on the energy transfer efficiency.[7] Such cascaded strongly coupled systems lead to the intriguing possibility of achieving energy transfer of spatially separated but entangled donors and acceptors over distances where Fçrster type mechanism is no longer possible as illustrated in Figure 1b.Itshould be recalled that Fçrster type energy transfer rate k ET is proportional to 1 R 6 DA where R DA is the average donor-acceptor distance and it is well established that energy transfer is highly unlikely for R DA ! 10 nm. Herein, we present direct evidence for nonradiative energy transfer of spatially separated but entangled molecules well beyond this Fçrster limit. This is observed from both static measurements and the transient dynamics and interestingly the energy transfer becomes independent of distance as long as the strong coupling strength is constant. Such findings add to ar ich variety of quantum phenomena that can be observed by using hybrid light-matter states such as coherent emission [9,10] and room temperature polariton condensation [11,12] in addition to modif...

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Controlling the dynamics of Förster resonance energy transfer inside a tunable sub-wavelength Fabry–Pérot-resonator

Cited by 60 publications

References 37 publications

pH/Redox‐Triggered Photothermal Treatment for Cancer Therapy Based on a Dual‐Responsive Cationic Polymer Dot

pH/Redox‐Triggered Photothermal Treatment for Cancer Therapy Based on a Dual‐Responsive Cationic Polymer Dot

Energy Transfer between Spatially Separated Entangled Molecules

Energy Transfer between Spatially Separated Entangled Molecules

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