Controlling the Crystallographic Orientation of Graphite Electrodes for Fast-Charging Li-Ion Batteries

Bayındır, Oğuz; Sohel, Ikramul Hasan; Erol, M.; Duygulu, Özgür; Ateş, Mehmet Nurullah

doi:10.1021/acsami.1c19735

Cited by 15 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…In contrast, the CN x films exhibited lower crystallinity in which the (002) peak of graphitic structure was barely observed under the broad diffraction peak from the amorphous glass. An additional peak at 44.1° was observed, which corresponded to the diffraction from (101) planes [ 35 ] of graphite layered structure (Figure 3b).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Superhydrophilic 2D Carbon Nitrides Prepared by Direct Chemical Vapor Deposition

et al. 2023

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Carbon nitride (CN x ) materials are well known as emerging metal-free photocatalysts for water splitting, [1][2][3] energy storage, [4,5] and water filtration membranes. [6,7] Their prolific allotropes [3,8] with rich surface properties [9] offer a high flexibility in structural and property modification, [10] e.g., bandgap modulations by surface functionalization [11] or carbon/nitrogen (C/N) ratio. [12] In contrast, the rich allotropes make it difficult to directly modify the properties during synthesis process, as a little change may lead to varied and unpredictable products. Meanwhile, the functionalization could be realized by second-time growth [11] or posttreatment [13] to convert the common structure like graphitic carbon nitrides (g-C 3 N 4 ) to the desired structures, however, with long processing time, high production loss, and inevitable hazardous chemical usage. Superhydrophilicity benefits many applications working in the water/humidinvolved environments, [14] from the selfcleaning outdoor window surfaces, [15] to the high performance photocatalysts and membranes in various studies. [16][17][18] The contribution of superhydrophilicity to the surface applications can be categorized into two factors: First, by increasing the attraction to water molecules which directly speed up the water splitting reactions [19,20] or water transportation through the membrane; [17,21] Second, by self-cleaning effect preventing the contaminations of catalytic surface or/and fouling effect on the membrane applications. [16,18] Therefore, increasing hydrophilicity without interfering their intrinsic properties of target materials is a major concern of many past studies.Unfortunately, most of the carbon-based materials such as graphene and its analogous are hydrophobic owing to their large inert surfaces. [22,23] Doping nitrogen to carbon-based structure or implanting oxygen-based functional groups on surfaces can increase the hydrogen bonding between surface and water molecules. Note that the CN x materials are alternative metal-free photocatalysts with narrow bandgap. [1] Previous literature has reported that contact angle (CA) between water and the ideal condensed g-C 3 N 4 was 53.5°, [24] meanwhile the 2D CN x thin films prepared by bottom-up growth had water wettability of 60°-80°. [25] The CN x film could be converted to hydrophobic by increasing surface porosity, resulting from the modification of precursor ratio or the source-substrate distances. [12,24,25] However, the superhydrophilic 2D CN x or g-C 3 N 4 membranes have not been acquired yet by direct synthesis. Alternatively, the post-synthesis functionalized CN x surfaces with oxygenated molecules did improve the hydrophilicity, but their CA with water was over 24°. [26] Moreover, embedding functional groups after synthesis caused unwanted disruptions to the initial lattice structure that significantly reduced their durability.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Superhydrophilic 2D Carbon Nitrides Prepared by Direct Chemical Vapor Deposition

et al. 2023

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“…All of the observed peaks in the XRD patterns were interpreted on the P6 3 /mmc space group with a hexagonal phase of graphite (PDF#41-1487). 50 The XRD peaks were identified at 2θ of 26.4, 42.3, 44.4, 50.5, 54.5, 59.3, and 77.3°, corresponding to the (002), (100), ( 101), ( 102), (004), (103), and (110) crystalline planes of NG, respectively. 51 No additional peaks were observed owing to the lower content and amorphous nature of the coated Fdoped carbon layer than the active material.…”

Section: Characterization Of Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The electrochemical performance of the prelithiated NG/AC configuration was then evaluated. Rate capability tests were conducted at increasing Crates (5,10,20,50, and 100C for five cycles, 1C was calculated based on the estimated capacity of the AC cathodes), and cycle tests were performed at 3C for 500 cycles in a 2.0−4.0 V (vs Li/Li + ) potential range. 2.4.…”

Section: Fabrication Of Electrodesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface Modification with F-Doped Carbon Layer Coating on Natural Graphite Anode for Improving Interface Compatibility and Electrochemical Performance of Lithium-Ion Capacitors

Youn

Park

Kim

et al. 2023

ACS Appl. Electron. Mater.

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F-doped carbon layer coating is an effective surface modification method to enhance the intrinsic conductivity of active materials and facilitate the accommodation of solvated Li+ ions near the carbon surface. Furthermore, it induces the formation of an effective LiF-rich solid electrolyte interface with high electrochemical stability and facile surface diffusion of Li+ ion owing to its low energy barrier. Therefore, by employing a cost-effective coating material poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF), high electrochemical performance in rate capability, cyclability, and energy/power density can be easily achieved without using expensive materials. A uniform and thin coating of an F-doped amorphous carbon layer was fabricated on the natural graphite (NG) surface using 1 wt % of PVDF (NG-F1), followed by a carbonization step. This process resulted in a high energy density of 59.8 Wh kg–1 at a current density of 5.0 A g–1 (100C) in a full cell configuration for lithium-ion capacitors (LICs). In comparison, the pristine NG demonstrated an energy density of 47.3 Wh kg–1. Furthermore, this LIC full cell with NG-F1 showed a lower charge-transfer resistance and a higher capacity retention of 99.4% than pristine NG, even after 500 charge–discharge cycles at 3C.

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“…Electrodes with aligned structures can provide the short ion paths. In Figure 2c, Ateş’s group [34] obtained aligned Gt electrode by using commercial neodymium magnets under dynamic magnetic fields to control crystal orientation, significantly improving the fast‐charging capability of conventional Gt anode. When the slurry of Gt electrode is tape‐casted through conventional methods without adding a magnetic field, the crystallographic orientation is dominated with (002) planes parallel to the current collector and other random planes.…”

Section: Performance Optimization Strategies For Fast‐chargingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…c) Illustration of the steps for preparing crystallographically aligned and conventional Gt electrode. Reprinted with permission from ref [34]…”

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confidence: 99%

Fast‐Charging Strategies for Lithium‐Ion Batteries: Advances and Perspectives

Zhao

Song

2022

ChemPlusChem

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Rapid development of high-energy-density lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) enables the sufficient driving range of electric vehicles (EVs). However, the slow charging speed restricts the popularization of EVs. Commitment to fast-charging research is considered to be the key to advance the EVs strategy. This Review discusses the kinetic factors limiting the fast-charging capability at the material aspects, and summarizes the recent research strategies to achieve fast-charging performance of high-energy-density LIBs through electrode engineering, electrolyte design, and interface optimization. The increasingly important role of computational tools and advanced characterization techniques in fundamentally understanding the failure mechanism of LIBs is emphasized, and the analysis of the thermal runaway problem in the fast-charging process and the corresponding thermal optimization scheme is also involved to give the guidance for the more rational battery design. In view of these factors and strategies, some future perspectives for realizing high-performance fast-charging LIBs are proposed, which are expected to facilitate the large-scale application of fast-charging LIBs in EVs.

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Controlling the Crystallographic Orientation of Graphite Electrodes for Fast-Charging Li-Ion Batteries

Cited by 15 publications

References 32 publications

Superhydrophilic 2D Carbon Nitrides Prepared by Direct Chemical Vapor Deposition

Superhydrophilic 2D Carbon Nitrides Prepared by Direct Chemical Vapor Deposition

Surface Modification with F-Doped Carbon Layer Coating on Natural Graphite Anode for Improving Interface Compatibility and Electrochemical Performance of Lithium-Ion Capacitors

Fast‐Charging Strategies for Lithium‐Ion Batteries: Advances and Perspectives

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