“…An effective PCS has been shown to have a direct link to achieving project objectives and to reducing the reasons for project failure (Benjaoran, 2009;Ford et al, 2007;Maqsoom et al, 2020;Parnell et al, 2020). Although many studies emphasis that implementing effective PCS is significant to project success (Al-Hajj, 2018;Durdyev, 2020;Sudhakar, 2016;Taherdoost, 2016), very few identify the elements of PCS that are most critical to improve project outcomes (Jawad and Ledwith, 2021).…”