Controlling osteoblast morphology and proliferation via surface micro-topographies of implant biomaterials

Abstract

Current research on surface modifications has yielded advanced implant biomaterials. Various implant surface modifications have been shown to be promising in improving bone target cell response, but more comprehensive studies whether certain implant surface modifications can directly target cell behavioural features such as morphogenesis and proliferation are needed. Here, we studied the response of primary alveolar bone cells on various implant surface modifications in terms of osteoblast morphology and proliferation in vitro. Analyses of surface modifications led to surface-related test parameters including the topographical parameters micro-roughness, texture aspect and surface enlargement as well as the physicochemical parameter surface wettability. We compared osteoblast morphology and proliferation towards the above-mentioned parameters and found that texture aspect and surface enlargement but not surface roughness or wettability exhibited significant impact on osteoblast morphology and proliferation. Detailed analysis revealed osteoblast proliferation as a function of cell morphology, substantiated by an osteoblast size- and morphology-dependent increase in mitotic activity. These findings show that implant surface topography controls cell behavioural morphology and subsequently cell proliferation, thereby opening the road for cell instructive biomaterials.

Doxycycline-Doped Polymeric Membranes Induced Growth, Differentiation and Expression of Antigenic Phenotype Markers of Osteoblasts

“…This suggests that interplay between the cell and the membrane surface allows for enhanced dynamic propagation and an overall increase in osteoblast activation, as indicated by the filopodia. Correlations between cell morphology and both proliferation and metabolic activity have been previously stated [ 1 , 35 , 36 ]. Hence, osteoblast spreading apparently favored the metabolic activity and cell elongation favored proliferation, while cellular roundness decreased mitotic activity [ 35 , 36 ].…”

“…Correlations between cell morphology and both proliferation and metabolic activity have been previously stated [ 1 , 35 , 36 ]. Hence, osteoblast spreading apparently favored the metabolic activity and cell elongation favored proliferation, while cellular roundness decreased mitotic activity [ 35 , 36 ]. The same correlation was found in the present study, obtaining the highest osteoblasts proliferation for the Dox-COOH-Si-M.…”

Testing active membranes for bone regeneration: A review

“…It has been described that osteoblasts' morphology is highly influenced by its differentiation stage. Spread morphology has been associated with the expression of differentiation markers and higher metabolic activity, whereas circularity has been associated with lower DNA concentrations [60]. In addition, attachment with the neighboring cells by means of extensions or filopodia may indicate cells differentiation [61].…”

Alteration of 3D Matrix Stiffness Regulates Viscoelasticity of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells

“…Second, the mechanical stimulus cultured hMSCs underwent depended on its posture. Topologically different anchorage morphologies detected respective physical cues and thus transduced non-identical signals for proliferation and fate commitment [ 29 ]. Even though VPTM was indicated to the single cell level, opted cells of interest were selected manually according to visual selection over cellular morphology and therefore subjective.…”