Controlling invasive species in complex social landscapes

Epanchin‐Niell, Rebecca S.; Hufford, Matthew B.; Aslan, Clare E.; Sexton, Jason P.; Port, Jeffrey D.; Waring, Timothy M.

doi:10.1890/090029

Cited by 201 publications

(183 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…The creation of the Burney Gardens THP was successful because of a nested series of supportive institutions at multiple levels (from regional to federal), confirming previous findings (Epanchin-Neill et al 2010;Ostrom 2012;Rickenbach et al 2011). Epanchin-Neill et al (2010) proposed bottom-up, middle-level and topdown institutions, each with different roles in a cooperative partnership, with middle-level organizations facilitating communication and mediating between the managers on the ground and governmental agencies. In this case, the BurneyHat Group and the Fall River Resource Conservation District filled this middlelevel role, which was further embedded in and supported by funding from the Shasta County RAC and the federal CFLR program.…”

Section: New Policy Directionssupporting

confidence: 77%

Cooperative, cross-boundary management facilitates large-scale ecosystem restoration efforts

Kelly¹,

Kusel²

2015

Cal Ag

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In California and across the United States, landscape restoration projects often require cross-boundary cooperation, though successful examples are rare and not well understood. This case study describes the Burney Gardens timber harvesting plan, a cooperative, cross-boundary meadow restoration project undertaken by private corporate forest landowners in Northern California as part of a larger collaborative restoration effort. The project is notable because it (1) received institutional support -both financial and political -from federal, regional and local sources and (2) engaged a diverse group of stakeholders in pre-project planning with multiple agency partners. This approach enabled the project plan to pass through the rigorous California regulatory system in an unusually rapid fashion despite its complexity. The collaborative model of the Burney Gardens project is relevant to other restoration efforts, particularly as diverse ownerships across the West implement large-scale projects that cross property boundaries, including those of federal and private lands. I ncreasingly, large-scale restoration projects have become a priority for land managers in the United States, leading them to look beyond reserved lands (e.g., national parks) to the mix of private and public lands that characterize many watersheds (Lindenmayer and Franklin 2002 The Burney Gardens timber harvesting plan (THP) is a cross-boundary, cooperative restoration plan developed by four private forest landowners in Northern California (Shasta County) that are part of a CFLR group. The THP was developed to restore a degraded meadow system being encroached by lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta), now growing in overstocked conditions as a result of fire suppression. Watercourses within the THP are degraded due to channelization and loss of riparian vegetation; this has resulted in erosion and insufficient shade. The Burney Gardens THP is now one of the largest watershed and meadow restoration projects ever proposed in California; restoration treatments include removal of lodgepole pine from the meadow as well as channel restoration. Some treatments have begun, such as thinning treatments around edges of the meadow, though much work remains (hydrological treatments are expected to begin summer 2015).The Burney Gardens THP is notable for multiple reasons: it engaged government Scott Carnegie Online: http://californiaagriculture.ucanr.edu/ landingpage.cfm?article=ca.v069n01p50&fulltext=yes doi: 10.3733/ca.v069n01p50The Burney Gardens timber harvesting plan, which covers over 2,500 acres of land held by four different owners, is one of the largest watershed and meadow restoration projects proposed in California.

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Section: New Policy Directionssupporting

confidence: 77%

Cooperative, cross-boundary management facilitates large-scale ecosystem restoration efforts

Kelly¹,

Kusel²

2015

Cal Ag

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“…Detection and reporting can be delayed by incomplete and infrequent sampling of large areas of susceptible hosts (8), with broad pathogen host ranges often increasing the area that must be surveyed. Infected sites may be inaccessible or under multiple ownership (9). Long incubation periods for some pathogens mean that disease remains cryptic while infection continues to spread (10).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling when, where, and how to manage a forest epidemic, motivated by sudden oak death in California

Cunniffe

Cobb

Meentemeyer

et al. 2016

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

156

174

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Sudden oak death, caused by Phytophthora ramorum, has killed millions of oak and tanoak in California since its first detection in 1995. Despite some localized small-scale management, there has been no large-scale attempt to slow the spread of the pathogen in California. Here we use a stochastic spatially explicit model parameterized using data on the spread of P. ramorum to investigate whether and how the epidemic can be controlled. We find that slowing the spread of P. ramorum is now not possible, and has been impossible for a number of years. However, despite extensive cryptic (i.e., presymptomatic) infection and frequent long-range transmission, effective exclusion of the pathogen from large parts of the state could, in principle, have been possible were it to have been started by 2002. This is the approximate date by which sufficient knowledge of P. ramorum epidemiology had accumulated for large-scale management to be realistic. The necessary expenditure would have been very large, but could have been greatly reduced by optimizing the radius within which infected sites are treated and careful selection of sites to treat. In particular, we find that a dynamic strategy treating sites on the epidemic wave front leads to optimal performance. We also find that "front loading" the budget, that is, treating very heavily at the start of the management program, would greatly improve control. Our work introduces a framework for quantifying the likelihood of success and risks of failure of management that can be applied to invading pests and pathogens threatening forests worldwide.Phytophthora ramorum | constrained budget | landscape-scale stochastic epidemiological model | optimizing disease control | risk aversion

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“…Despite this prior work in Nepal (Varughese and Ostrom 2001;Poteete and Ostrom 2004;Ojha 2006;Ojha et al 2009), little is known about how different governance relationships between community forestry groups may mediate socialecological challenges like invasive species management (Epanchin-Niell et al 2009) or what this means for how institutional analysis may be most effectively conducted (i.e. studying the on the ground situation versus the formal situation).…”

Section: Community Forestry and Institutional Heterogeneitymentioning

confidence: 99%

De jure versus de facto institutions: trust, information, and collective efforts to manage the invasive mile-a-minute weed (Mikania micrantha)

et al. 2017

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Differences in governance relationships and community efforts to remove an exotic, rapidly spreading invasive plant, the-mile-a-minute weed (Mikania micrantha), are explored in five case study community forests in the subtropical region of Chitwan, Nepal. An institutional analysis informs an examination of the de jure (formal) versus de facto (on the ground) institutions and actor relationships relevant to Mikania removal efforts. Contrary to the expectations set by the de jure situation, we find heterogeneous governance relationships and norms related to Mikania management across community forests. Content analysis of interview data illuminates reoccurring themes and their implications 172 Abigail Sullivan et al.for social and ecological outcomes in the communities. Complex governance relationships and regular discussion of distrust of government and non-government officials help explain collective action efforts and management decisions. The content analysis suggests that Mikania is impacting people's daily lives but the degree of severity and the response to the disruption varies substantially and is affected by other problems experienced by community forest members. Our results indicate that understanding how the de facto, or on the ground situation, differs from the de jure institutions may be vital in structuring successful efforts to manage invasive species and understanding collective action problems related to other social-ecological threats. We present data-informed propositions about common pool resource management and invasive species. This study contributes to a better scientific understanding of how institutions mediate social-ecological challenges influencing common pool resources more broadly.

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Controlling invasive species in complex social landscapes

Cited by 201 publications

References 27 publications

Cooperative, cross-boundary management facilitates large-scale ecosystem restoration efforts

Cooperative, cross-boundary management facilitates large-scale ecosystem restoration efforts

Modeling when, where, and how to manage a forest epidemic, motivated by sudden oak death in California

De jure versus de facto institutions: trust, information, and collective efforts to manage the invasive mile-a-minute weed (Mikania micrantha)

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