Controlling Hydrodeoxygenation of Stearic Acid to n‐Heptadecane and n‐Octadecane by Adjusting the Chemical Properties of Ni/SiO2–ZrO2 Catalyst

Foraita, Sebastian; Liu, Yue; Haller, Gary L.; Baráth, Eszter; Zhao, Chen; Lercher, Johannes A.

doi:10.1002/cctc.201601162

Cited by 55 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…The absence of chlorine eliminated its poisoning effect, concerning the selective deoxygenation sites. On the other hand, the change of the zirconium salt brought about the partial reduction of ZrO 2 to sub-oxide (ZrO x ), which participates on the reaction mechanism through defect oxygen sites [24][25][26][27], and an increase of the Ni surface exposed. According to Foraita et al [26], SDO can be catalyzed solely by Ni, but the synergistic interaction between Ni and the ZrO 2 influences the reaction rates.…”

Section: Second Series Of Catalysts: Effect Of the Preparation Paramementioning

confidence: 99%

“…These results encourage us to extend our study to co-precipitated nickel-zirconia catalysts. Very few studies have devoted to nickel catalysts supported on zirconia [24][25][26][27][28][29]. In the most of cases the catalysts, with nickel content 3-15 wt %, were prepared by incipient wetness impregnation [24][25][26][27].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Very few studies have devoted to nickel catalysts supported on zirconia [24][25][26][27][28][29]. In the most of cases the catalysts, with nickel content 3-15 wt %, were prepared by incipient wetness impregnation [24][25][26][27]. They indicated quite high activity attributed to the participation of the support surface on the reaction mechanism through defect oxygen sites [24][25][26][27].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Developing Nickel–Zirconia Co-Precipitated Catalysts for Production of Green Diesel

et al. 2019

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The transformation of sunflower oil (SO) and waste cooking oil (WCO) into green diesel over co-precipitated nickel–zirconia catalysts was studied. Two series of catalysts were prepared. The first series included catalysts with various Ni loadings prepared using zirconium oxy-chloride, whereas the second series included catalysts with 60–80 wt % Ni loading prepared using zirconium oxy-nitrate as zirconium source. The catalysts were characterized and evaluated in the transformation of SO into green diesel. The best catalysts were also evaluated for green diesel production using waste cooking oil. The catalysts performance for green diesel production is mainly governed by the Ni surface exposed, their acidity, and the reducibility of the ZrO2. These characteristics depend on the preparation method and the Zr salt used. The presence of chlorine in the catalysts drawn from the zirconium oxy-chloride results to catalysts with relatively low Ni surface, high acidity and hardly reduced ZrO2 phase. These characteristics lead to relatively low activity for green diesel production, whereas they favor high yields of wax esters. Ni-ZrO2 catalysts with Ni loading in the range 60–80 wt %, prepared by urea hydrothermal co-precipitation method using zirconium oxy-nitrate as ZrO2 precursor salt exhibited higher Ni surface, moderate acidity, and higher reducibility of ZrO2 phase. The latter catalysts were proved to be very promising for green diesel production.

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Section: Second Series Of Catalysts: Effect Of the Preparation Paramementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Developing Nickel–Zirconia Co-Precipitated Catalysts for Production of Green Diesel

et al. 2019

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“…The effect of time on conversion and yields could provide useful information for optimizing and scaling up a process. The effect of time, particularly in batch and semi-batch reactors, is typically evaluated to obtain useful information about deoxygenation pathways as well as product evolution (Foraita et al, 2017). Reaction pathways are interesting because they enable scientists to rationally design new catalytic systems, while product evolution over time may indicate an opportunity to maximize the yield of some products (Stellwagen and Bitter, 2015).…”

Section: Contact Timementioning

confidence: 99%

A comprehensive review on biodiesel purification and upgrading

2017

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HIGHLIGHTS Various biodiesel purification methods, i.e., equilibrium-based, affinity-based, and reaction-based separation techniques along with membrane technology and solid-liquid separation processes were reviewed.Deoxygenating process via hydrodeoxygenation and decarboxylation/decarbonylation pathways is a common way to upgrade bio-based oils to produce biorenewable diesel with excellent fuel properties. Catalysts and operating conditions, i.e., pressure, temperature, and contact time, are the most important variables in biodiesel upgrading discussed herein. Serious environmental concerns regarding the use of fossil-based fuels have raised awareness regarding the necessity of alternative clean fuels and energy carriers. Biodiesel is considered a clean, biodegradable, and non-toxic diesel substitute produced via the transesterification of triglycerides with an alcohol in the presence of a proper catalyst. After initial separation of the by-product (glycerol), the crude biodiesel needs to be purified to meet the standard specifications prior to marketing. The presence of impurities in the biodiesel not only significantly affects its engine performance but also complicates its handling and storage. Therefore, biodiesel purification is an essential step prior to marketing. Biodiesel purification methods can be classified based on the nature of the process into equilibrium-based, affinity-based, membrane-based, reaction-based, and solid-liquid separation processes. The main adverse properties of biodiesel -namely moisture absorption, corrosiveness, and high viscosity -primarily arise from the presence of oxygen. To address these issues, several upgrading techniques have been proposed, among which catalytic (hydro)deoxygenation using conventional hydrotreating catalysts, supported metallic materials, and most recently transition metals in various forms appear promising. Nevertheless, catalyst deactivation (via coking) and/or inadequacy of product yields necessitate further research. This paper provides a comprehensive overview on the techniques and methods used for biodiesel purification and upgrading. ABSTRACT

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“…Some researchers have found that the acidity of a support impacts the deoxygenation of fatty acids and esters on metal catalysts . In the deoxygenation reaction of methyl palmitate, Ni/SAPO‐11, containing weak and medium acid sites, exhibited a superior deoxygenation performance to Ni/SiO 2 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Catalytic deoxygenation of methyl laurate as a model compound to hydrocarbons on hybrid catalysts composed of Ni–Zn alloy and HY zeolite

Pan

Wang

Chen

2019

J of Chemical Tech & Biotech

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BACKGROUND The deoxygenation of renewable vegetable oils in a hydrogen atmosphere is feasible for yielding diesel‐like hydrocarbons. In this work, hybrid catalysts composed of Ni–Zn alloy and HY zeolite were designed to achieve a highly efficient deoxygenation. RESULTS NiZn‐LDH‐HY, NiZn‐O‐HY and NiZn/HY hybrid catalysts composed of Ni‐rich Ni–Zn alloy and HY zeolite were prepared by various methods. NiZn/HY prepared by a deposition–precipitation method gave higher Ni dispersion than NiZn‐LDH‐HY and NiZn‐O‐HY obtained by mortar milling. In the deoxygenation of methyl laurate as a model compound at 330 °C and 3.0 MPa, the hybrid catalysts led to higher reaction rates (ca 9.0 × 10−5 mol g−1Ni s−1) than NiZnAl not combined with HY (2.5 × 10−5 mol g−1Ni s−1). Particularly, NiZn/HY gave higher total selectivity to C11 and C12 hydrocarbons (80.2%) than NiZn‐O‐HY and NiZn‐LDH‐HY (47.4 and 41.5%, respectively). CONCLUSIONS This work provides an approach for preparing highly efficient catalysts for deoxygenation of esters to hydrocarbons by combining Ni–Zn alloy and HY zeolite. We deem that the closer proximity between metallic Ni and acid sites facilitates the deoxygenation via a synergetic effect between the two kinds of sites. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry

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Controlling Hydrodeoxygenation of Stearic Acid to n‐Heptadecane and n‐Octadecane by Adjusting the Chemical Properties of Ni/SiO₂–ZrO₂ Catalyst

Cited by 55 publications

References 59 publications

Developing Nickel–Zirconia Co-Precipitated Catalysts for Production of Green Diesel

Developing Nickel–Zirconia Co-Precipitated Catalysts for Production of Green Diesel

A comprehensive review on biodiesel purification and upgrading

Catalytic deoxygenation of methyl laurate as a model compound to hydrocarbons on hybrid catalysts composed of Ni–Zn alloy and HY zeolite

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