Controlled trial of the short- and long-term effect of psychological treatment of post-partum depression: 2. Impact on the mother--child relationship and child outcome

Depressive symptoms during late pregnancy and early parenthood following assisted reproductive technology

“…It is well known that PND may adversely affect the family, causing poor maternal functioning, marital conflicts, and depression in the partner (24)(25)(26), and especially affecting the mother-infant interactions and relationships (24,27,28). It has also been demonstrated that long-term infant and child outcome may be influenced even many years after recovery (29)(30)(31). Difficulties in mother-infant interactions in the first months after birth can predict and, partly explain, socioemotional and cognitive deficits often observed in infants of depressed mothers at the end of the first year (32).…”

Evaluation of the effect of natural and emotional stress of labor on lactation and breast-feeding

“…However, this relationship starts earlier, during pregnancy. The effect of perinatal events in this relationship and in the development of the child attracts great interest [18][19][20]. Taylor et al [21] ended up to a negative correlation of postpartum sentimental instability-depression with the maternal-newborn bonding level.…”

Postpartum Depression and Adolescent Mothers: A Review of Assessment and Treatment Approaches

“…In a sample of almost 200 mothers with PPD who received routine primary care, non-directive counseling, cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), or psychodynamic therapy only limited benefits were found on these variables. 49 All treatments reduced the risk of problems in the mother-infant relationship at the end of treatment at 18 weeks postpartum. Non-directive counseling had an impact on emotional and behavioral problems at 18 months, with an indication of improvement from psychodynamic therapy and CBT as well.…”