Controlled Release Utilizing Initiated Chemical Vapor Deposited (iCVD) of Polymeric Nanolayers

Abstract

This review will focus on the controlled release of pharmaceuticals and other organic molecules utilizing polymeric nanolayers grown by initiated chemical vapor deposited (iCVD). The iCVD layers are able conform to the geometry of the underlying substrate, facilitating release from one- and two-dimensional nanostructures with high surface area. The reactors for iCVD film growth can be customized for specific substrate geometries and scaled to large overall dimensions. The absence of surface tension in vapor deposition processes allows the synthesis of pinhole-free layers, even for iCVD layers <10 nm thick. Such ultrathin layers also provide rapid transport of the drug across the polymeric layer. The mild conditions of the iCVD process avoid damage to the drug which is being encapsulated. Smart release is enabled by iCVD hydrogels which are responsive to pH, temperature, or light. Biodegradable iCVD layers have also be demonstrated for drug release.

Short-chain fluorocarbon-based polymeric coating with excellent nonwetting ability against chemical warfare agents

“… 29 Moreover, using a low fraction of crosslinker allows the properties of the copolymer film to closely align with those of the homopolymer grown from the monovinyl monomer. 34 In control samples, the homopolymers, denoted as p(PFOMA) and p(EGDMA), were prepared in the absence of either EGDMA or PFOMA, respectively. All polymer coatings had a thickness of approximately 1000 nm, which was determined based on pre-evaluation, and provided the best conditions for the iCVD setup in terms of preparation times (deposition rates were 15 nm min −1 ) and the final coating performance.…”

“…Such excellent chemical resistance of p(PFOMA- co -EGDMA) could be attributed to crosslinking which enhanced the overall durability. 34 …”

“…Such excellent chemical resistance of p(PFOMA-co-EGDMA) could be attributed to crosslinking which enhanced the overall durability. 34 The above performed experiments conrm that the nonwetting ability generated by the p(PFOMA-co-EGDMA) coating on a nylon/cotton fabric shows excellent and very useful qualities. However, any coating is useless if it alters or damage the textile properties in a way that makes it unsuitable for its original purpose.…”

Synthesis of pH-Responsive Polymer Sponge Coatings and Freestanding Films via Vapor-Phase Deposition

“…It has been shown that increasing the degree of crosslinking with EGDA improves mechanical properties. , We have previously shown that crosslinking with EGDA increases the mechanical strength of the porous pillared PMAA coating to prevent cracking of the coating after thermal annealing when deposited on flexible substrates such as polynorbornene rubber . For this study and for practical bioapplications, a limited degree of crosslinking is preferred to prevent dissolution while maintaining the properties of the primary polymer . After 5 min of EGDA and MAA monomer deposition, the MAA flow is stopped and the EGDA continues to flow for the first 15 min of polymerization to ensure sufficient crosslinking.…”

Toward Programming Bacterial Behavior via Synthetic Interfaces: Physicochemical Nanopatterning, Decoupling Surface Properties, and Integrating Material and Biological Insights

“…Furthermore, the coating technique should be sufficiently benign to avoid damage to the underlying nanostructures. The room-temperature initiated CVD (iCVD) thus represents a suitable option for orthogonal engineering, given its compatibility with over 70 functional monomers, outstanding conformality on ultrahigh aspect ratio nanostructures, and ability to deposit ultrathin (<10 nm) polymer films . Other characteristics of iCVD-synthesized ultrathin films, such as high retention of functional groups, adjustable degree of cross-linking, being solvent free, etc., further enables precision synthesis of the surface chemistry, controllable mechanical properties, and compatibility with solvent-sensitive substrates (such as paper-based devices). , …”