Controlled Release of Antithrombotic Agents From Polymer Matrices

Ebert, C. D.; McRea, James C.; Kim, Sung Wan

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-074450-3.50011-5

Cited by 24 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Localized release of heparin with concentrations that are not tolerable at the systemic level may be applied with minimal side-effects. 22,23 To date, several approaches have been pursued to achieve localized heparin activity at the surface of implanted devices including the creation of heparin-releasing polymer surfaces via ionic bonding, 22,24–26 physical dispersion 27–30 and solution swelling, 22,31,32 as well as heparin-immobilized polymer surfaces. 33–36 For example, Gutowska et al 22 described a novel thermosensitive heparin-releasing poly( N -isopropylacrylamide) (poly(NiPAAm)) coating for prevention of surface-induced thrombosis on polyurethane catheters.…”

Section: Current Strategies For Prevention Of Thrombosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent advances in thromboresistant and antimicrobial polymers for biomedical applications: just say yes to nitric oxide (NO)

et al. 2016

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Biomedical devices are essential for patient diagnosis and treatment; however, when blood comes in contact with foreign surfaces or homeostasis is disrupted, complications including thrombus formation and bacterial infections can interrupt device functionality, causing false readings and/or shorten device lifetime. Here, we review some of the current approaches for developing antithrombotic and antibacterial materials for biomedical applications. Special emphasis is given to materials that release or generate low levels of nitric oxide (NO). Nitric oxide is an endogenous gas molecule that can inhibit platelet activation as well as bacterial proliferation and adhesion. Various NO delivery vehicles have been developed to improve NO’s therapeutic potential. In this review, we provide a summary of the NO releasing and NO generating polymeric materials developed to date, with a focus on the chemistry of different NO donors, the polymer preparation processes, and in vitro and in vivo applications of the two most promising types of NO donors studied thus far, N-diazeniumdiolates (NONOates) and S-nitrosothiols (RSNOs).

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Section: Current Strategies For Prevention Of Thrombosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent advances in thromboresistant and antimicrobial polymers for biomedical applications: just say yes to nitric oxide (NO)

et al. 2016

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“…Controlled release of appropriate drugs alone and in combinations is one of the approaches for treating coronary obstructions, balloon angioplasty, restenosis associated with thrombosis, and calcification. 20 Hirudin, naturally occuring specific, and highly potent direct inhibitor of thrombin has been shown in experimental studies to inhibit platelet deposition and thrombus formation after deep arterial injury to a greater extent than heparin 21,22 and to inhibit neointimal thickening after balloon injury in a rat hypercholesterolemic rabbit model of restenosis. Inhibition of neointimal thickening by systemic hirudin therapy has also been demonstrated in atherogenic rabbit iliac artery model.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chitosan/polyethylene glycol-alginate microcapsules for oral delivery of hirudin

Chandy

Mooradian

Rao

1998

J. Appl. Polym. Sci.

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ABSTRACT:A mild chitosan/calcium alginate microencapsulation process, as applied to encapsulation of biological macromolecules such as albumin and hirudin, was investigated. The polysaccharide chitosan was reacted with sodium alginate in the presence of calcium chloride to form microcapsules with a polyelectrolyte complex membrane. Hirudin-entrapped alginate beads were further surface coated with polyethylene glycol (PEG) via glutaraldehyde functionalities. It was observed that approximately 70% of the content is being released into Tris-HCl buffer, pH 7.4 within the initial 6 h and about 35% release of hirudin was also observed during treatment with 0.1 M HCl, pH 1.2 for 4 h. But acid-treated capsules had released almost all the entrapped hirudin into Tris-HCl, pH 7.4 media within 6 h. From scanning electron microscopic and swelling studies, it appears that the chitosan and PEG have modified the alginate microcapsules and subsequently the protein release. The microcapsules were also prepared by adding dropwise albumin-containing sodium alginate mixture into a PEG-CaCl 2 system. Increasing the PEG concentration resulted in a decrease rate of albumin release. The results indicate the possibility of modifying the formulation to obtain the desired controlled release of bioactive peptides (hirudin), for a convenient gastrointestinal tract delivery system.

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“…Polymers combined with both HEP and PG were also designed using hydrophilic polymers. The released HEP and PG showed biological activity by Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (APTT) and platelet aggregation testing, respectively (20).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Platelet Adhesion and Prevention at Blood‐Polymer Interface

Kim

1987

Artificial Organs

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It has been proposed that adsorbed glycoproteins such as fibrinogen and gamma-globulin induce platelet adhesion at blood-polymer interfaces. The importance of oligosaccharide groups in the glycoproteins proved to be responsible for platelet adhesion and aggregation via possible complex formation. Several studies have provided evidence that the proposed mechanism was involved in platelet adhesion on polymer surfaces. To minimize or prevent platelet adhesion on polymers, prostaglandins (PGs), potent inhibitors of platelet aggregation and PG-heparin (HEP) conjugate, were combined with polymers via physical dispersion or chemical immobilization on the surfaces. Albumin-HEP conjugate-adsorbed surfaces also showed significant reduction of platelet adhesion.

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Controlled Release of Antithrombotic Agents From Polymer Matrices

Cited by 24 publications

References 13 publications

Recent advances in thromboresistant and antimicrobial polymers for biomedical applications: just say yes to nitric oxide (NO)

Recent advances in thromboresistant and antimicrobial polymers for biomedical applications: just say yes to nitric oxide (NO)

Chitosan/polyethylene glycol-alginate microcapsules for oral delivery of hirudin

Platelet Adhesion and Prevention at Blood‐Polymer Interface

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