Controlled Release Formulations of Pesticides

Bahadir, Müfit; Pfister, Gerd

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-46674-8_1

Cited by 20 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…The use of controlled release devices is increasing in the horticultural sector. In this way, products to release water [ 1 ], fertilizers [ 2 ] or pesticides [ 3 ] can be found in the market, improving their efficiency in crops. Generally, these devices are made using polymeric coatings that contain the substance to be released.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incorporation of ZnO Nanoparticles into Soy Protein-Based Bioplastics to Improve Their Functional Properties

et al. 2021

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The union of nanoscience (nanofertilization) with controlled release bioplastic systems could be a key factor for the improvement of fertilization in horticulture, avoiding excessive contamination and reducing the price of the products found in the current market. In this context, the objective of this work was to incorporate ZnO nanoparticles in soy protein-based bioplastic processed using injection moulding. Thus, the concentration of ZnO nanoparticles (0 wt%, 1.0 wt%, 2.0 wt%, 4.5 wt%) and mould temperature (70 °C, 90 °C and 110 °C) were evaluated through a mechanical (flexural and tensile properties), morphological (microstructure and nanoparticle distribution) and functional (water uptake capacity, micronutrient release and biodegradability) characterization. The results indicate that these parameters play an important role in the final characteristics of the bioplastics, being able to modify them. Ultimately, this study increases the versatility and functionality of the use of bioplastics and nanofertilization in horticulture, helping to prevent the greatest environmental impact caused.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incorporation of ZnO Nanoparticles into Soy Protein-Based Bioplastics to Improve Their Functional Properties

et al. 2021

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“…The use of controlled release formulations (CRFs) has an important potential in reducing the use and impact of pesticides in the environment. Controlled release (CR) pesticide formulations have several advantages in relation to standard formulations, including increased safety to the user and nontarget organisms, a reduction in the amount of the pesticide applied, and a diminution in leaching potentials ( − ). Many different types of CR systems have been developed for their use in agriculture ( , ), including those that use a natural polymer like alginate as a matrix for CR of pesticides ( − ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of Bentonite and Activated Carbon in Controlled Release Formulations of Carbofuran

Fernández-Pérez

Villafranca-Sánchez

Flores‐Céspedes

et al. 2005

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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Controlled release systems (CRS), unlike the conventional formulations, facilitate a gradual and controlled discharge of the pesticides, reducing the losses by evaporation and leaching and minimizing pesticide pollution. In this study, carbofuran-an insecticide-nematicide identified as a groundwater pollutant-was incorporated in alginate-based granules to obtain controlled release properties. The effect on carbofuran release rate caused by the incorporation of bentonite, activated carbon, and different mixtures of both sorbents in alginate basic formulation was studied by immersion of the granules in water. The water uptake, sorption capacity of the sorbent, permeability, and time taken for 50% of the active ingredient to be released into water, T(50), were calculated by the comparison of the preparations. T(50) values were higher for those formulations containing bentonite and/or activated carbon (T(50) values range from 14.76 h for the alginate formulation containing only bentonite as the sorbent to 29.5 weeks for the alginate formulation containing only activated carbon as the sorbent) than for the preparation without these sorbents (11.72 h). On the basis of a parameter of an empirical equation used to fit the insecticide-nematicide release data, it appears that the release of carbofuran from the various formulations into water is controlled by a diffusion mechanism. The sorption capacity of the sorbents for carbofuran was the most important factor modulating carbofuran release. In addition, it was observed that there is a linear correlation of the T(50) values and the content of activated carbon in dry granules.

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“…This fact has stimulated interest in developing new formulations to reduce the impact of pesticides in the environment. Controlled-release (CR) pesticide formulations have several advantages over standard formulations, including increased safety for the user and nontarget organisms, a reduction in the amount of pesticide applied, and reduced leaching potentials ( − ). Many different types of CR systems have been developed for use in agriculture ( − ) including those that use a natural polymer such as alginate as a matrix for controlled release of pesticides ( − ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of Activated Bentonites in Controlled-Release Formulations of Atrazine

Fernández-Pérez

Flores‐Céspedes

González‐Pradas

et al. 2004

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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The herbicide atrazine (6-chloro-N2-ethyl-N4-isopropyl-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine) was incorporated in alginate-based granules to obtain controlled-release (CR) properties. The basic formulation [sodium alginate (1.40%)-atrazine (0.60%)-water] was modified by the addition of sorbents. The effect on atrazine release rate caused by the incorporation of acid-treated bentonite (0.5 and 2.5 M H2SO4) in alginate formulation was studied by immersion of the granules in water under static conditions. The water uptake, sorption capacity of the sorbent, permeability, and time taken for 50% of the active ingredient to be released into water, t50, were calculated for the comparison of the preparations. t50 values were longer for those formulations containing acid-treated bentonite (36.78 and 29.01 days for 0.5 and 2.5 M H2SO4 treatments, respectively) than for the preparation without bentonite (9.69 days). On the basis of a parameter of an empirical equation used to fit the herbicide release data, it appears that the release of atrazine from the various formulations into water is controlled by diffusion mechanism. The sorption capacity of the sorbents and the permeability of the formulations (ranging from 4.99 to 20.83 mg day(-1) mm(-1)) were the most important factors affecting herbicide release.

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Controlled Release Formulations of Pesticides

Cited by 20 publications

References 53 publications

Incorporation of ZnO Nanoparticles into Soy Protein-Based Bioplastics to Improve Their Functional Properties

Incorporation of ZnO Nanoparticles into Soy Protein-Based Bioplastics to Improve Their Functional Properties

Use of Bentonite and Activated Carbon in Controlled Release Formulations of Carbofuran

Use of Activated Bentonites in Controlled-Release Formulations of Atrazine

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