Controlled radical polymerization of <i>N</i>‐vinylcaprolactam mediated by xanthate or dithiocarbamate

Wan, Decheng; Zhou, Qing; Pu, Hongting; Yang, Guojun

doi:10.1002/pola.22722

Cited by 88 publications

(119 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…St [72] VAc [389] VB [389] NVPI [220] VAc [391] VAc/VB [389] (NIPAM/369) [390] (Continued) [60] BA/AA [279] VAc [283] O S S 217* [381] 218 [392] O N 3 S S (NVCL) [384] (NVPI) [220] NVP [381] 366 [380] 367 [380] 368 [380] VAc [392] NVP-b-VAc [381] S O S O 219* OH 220 [169] …”

Section: Hnmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…249 [408] MA [405] St [407] St [408] 250* [405] S S N N N S S 251 [404] MA [405] St [407,409] MA [405] St [404] 252* N N N S S 253 [283] S S N N St [409] 374 [410] MA/374 [410] St/374 [410] (NVCL) [384] N S S N N 255 [411] O S S N CN 256* MA [411] (St) [411] AA-b-NIPAM [412] 257 [283] S S N 258 [413] S S N O O St [413] (MA) [413] A See footnote A of Table 3. B See footnote B of Table 3.…”

Section: Hnmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…C Compounds not used as RAFT agents directly but served as precursors to other RAFT agents. (VAc) [55] NVP [55,379] 366 [380] NVPI [220] 367 [380] 368 [380] O S S 209 210* [283,381] O S S NVC [283,382,383] NVCL [384] NVP [381] NVPI [220] 366 [380] 367 [380] 368 [380] (VAc) [55] (NVP) [55] NVC-b-310 [382] NVC-b-311 [382] NVP-b-VAc [381] O S S O OH 211* [385] 212 [386] BA [387] (DEGMA) [386] EHA [387] St [72] VAc [388] (BA-b-AA) [386] VAc [55,385] NVP [55] (DEGMA-b-AA) [386] 213* [283] …”

Section: S S S O Hn Possmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Living Radical Polymerization by the RAFT Process - A Second Update

Moad¹,

Rizzardo²,

Thang³

2009

Aust. J. Chem.

902

720

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This paper provides a second update to the review of reversible deactivation radical polymerization achieved with thiocarbonylthio compounds (ZC(=S)SR) by a mechanism of reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) that was published in June 2005 (Aust. J. Chem. 2005, 58, 379-410). The first update was published in November 2006 (Aust. J. Chem. 2006, 59, 669-692). This review cites over 500 papers that appeared during the period mid-2006 to mid-2009 covering various aspects of RAFT polymerization ranging from reagent synthesis and properties, kinetics and mechanism of polymerization, novel polymer syntheses and a diverse range of applications. Significant developments have occurred, particularly in the areas of novel RAFT agents, techniques for end-group removal and transformation, the production of micro/nanoparticles and modified surfaces, and biopolymer conjugates both for therapeutic and diagnostic applications.

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Section: Hnmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Hnmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: S S S O Hn Possmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Living Radical Polymerization by the RAFT Process - A Second Update

Moad¹,

Rizzardo²,

Thang³

2009

Aust. J. Chem.

902

720

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Figure S5 shows a typical 1 H NMR spectrum of star (PNVCL) 6 polymers. polymerization of VAc [35,37,41]. Therefore, in the present study, the synthesis of star-shaped PNVCL polymers having six arms has been undertaken using an R-hexafunctional xanthate agent.…”

Section: Polymerization Of Nvcl Using R-hexafunctional Xanthate Raft mentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation of a Mini-Library of Thermo-Responsive Star (NVCL/NVP-VAc) Polymers with Tailored Properties Using a Hexafunctional Xanthate RAFT Agent

Cortez-Lemus

Licea‐Claveríe

2017

Polymers

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Abstract:A mini-library of star-shaped thermoresponsive polymers having six arms was prepared using a hexafunctional xanthate by reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization. Star polymers with homopolymeric arms of poly(N-vinylcaprolactam) (PNVCL), copolymeric arms of poly(N-vinylcaprolactam-co-N-vinylpyrrolidone) (PNVCL-co-PNVP) and also arms of block copolymers of PNVCL-b-PVAc, (PNVCL-co-PNVP)-b-PVAc, and combinations of them changing the order of the block was achieved exploiting the R-RAFT synthetic methodology (or R-group approach), wherein the thiocarbonyl group is transferred to the polymeric chain end. Taking advantage of the RAFT benefits, the molecular weight of the star polymers was controlled (M n = 11,880-153,400 g/mol) to yield star polymers of different sizes and lower critical solution temperature (LCST) values. Removing the xanthate group of the star polymers allowed for the introduction of specific functional groups at the ends of the star arms and resulted in an increase of the LCST values. Star PNVCL-b-PVAc diblock copolymers with PVAc contents of 5-26 mol % were prepared; the hydrophobic segment (PVAc) is located at the end of the star arms. Interestingly, when the PVAc content was 5-7 mol %, the hydrodynamic diameter (D h ) value of the aggregates formed in water was almost the same sa the D h of the corresponding PNVCL star homopolymers. It is proposed that these star block copolymers self-assemble into single flowerlike micelles, showing great stability in aqueous solution. Star block copolymers with the PVAc hydrophobic block in the core of the star, such as PVAc-b-(PNVCL-co-PNVP), form micellar aggregates in aqueous solution with D h values in the range from~115 to 245 nm while maintaining a thermoresponsive behavior. Micellar aggregates of selected star polymers were used to encapsulate methotrexate (MTX) showing their potential in the temperature controlled release of this antineoplasic drug. The importance of the order in which each block constituent is introduced in the arms of the star polymers for their solution/aggregation behavior is demonstrated.

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“…Thus, the living/controlled polymerization of VCL still requires optimization. Xanthates and dithiocarbamates are the most suitable CTAs for the RAFT polymerization of VCL 14 . In a previous study we synthesized triblock copolymers of PtBA-b-PVCL-b-PtBA obtained by RAFT polymerization using PVCL as a MCTA 4 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of stimuli-sensitive copolymers by RAFT polymerization: potential candidates as drug delivery systems

et al. 2014

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Poly(2-(dimethylamino)ethylmethacrylate-b-methymethacrylate) (PDMAEMA-b-PMMA) poly(2-block copolymers were obtained by reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization, and the effect of the solution pH on the particle size was investigated. In the case of PDMAEMA-b-PMMA, PDMAEMA was first synthesized using 2-cyanoprop-2-yl dithiobenzoate (CPDB) as a chain transfer agent (CTA), which was subsequently used for the RAFT polymerization of MMA. The triblock copolymers were obtained using PDMAEMA or PVCL as macro-CTAs prepared using dibenzyl trithiocarbonate (DBTTC) as a bifunctional RAFT agent. The structure and formation of the copolymers was confirmed through 1 H NMR and SEC analysis. The particle size varied considerably depending on the pH of the aqueous solutions of copolymers indicating that these materials could be potential candidates for biomedical applications.

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Controlled radical polymerization of N‐vinylcaprolactam mediated by xanthate or dithiocarbamate

Cited by 88 publications

References 62 publications

Living Radical Polymerization by the RAFT Process - A Second Update

Living Radical Polymerization by the RAFT Process - A Second Update

Preparation of a Mini-Library of Thermo-Responsive Star (NVCL/NVP-VAc) Polymers with Tailored Properties Using a Hexafunctional Xanthate RAFT Agent

Synthesis of stimuli-sensitive copolymers by RAFT polymerization: potential candidates as drug delivery systems

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