Controlled inoculation of Norway spruce (Picea abies) with Sirococcus conigenus: PCR-based quantification of the pathogen in host tissue and infection-related increase of phenolic metabolites

Bahnweg, G.; Schubert, Roland; Kehr, Rolf; Müller‐Starck, G.; Heller, Werner; Langebartels, Christian; Sandermann, Heinrich

doi:10.1007/s004680000058

Cited by 29 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 16 publications

(18 reference statements)

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“…)catechin and different flavonoids (astragalin, quercitrin, hyperin), and in P. abies (taxifolin monoglycoside, (? )catechin, picein) have also been reported from other studies (Bahnweg et al 2000;Oleszek et al 2002;Lieutier et al 2003;Roitto et al 2003;Turtola et al 2006;Zeneli et al 2006;Räisänen et al 2008). However, our analysis revealed that some glycosides were simply new or differed from previous studies.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 59%

Herbivores and variation in the composition of specific phenolics of boreal coniferous trees: a search for patterns

et al. 2010

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Coniferous trees of different species, or of the same species growing at different locations, vary in the extent to which they are attacked by various herbivores and pathogens. Plant secondary metabolites might be a key to understanding some of this variation. At the site level, we investigated if there was an intra-or interspecies pattern for individual compounds (or for groups of compounds) and their relationship to indices of plant nitrogen and plant productivity. For example, do plants exhibit similar covariance in defence compounds when evaluated across a number of sites varying in productivity? Here, we concentrated on the phenolic profile of Pinus sylvestris, Picea abies, Juniperus communis and Pinus contorta. Our results indicate striking differences in secondary chemistry profiles of the twigs including needles of the trees and in the inter-relationships amongst individual compounds and groups of compounds. Flavonols occurred in high variety in P. sylvestris and were highly correlated with each other, differing from P. contorta. But the results of the factor analyses indicate an underlying pattern for flavonols of the coumaroyl type for P. contorta. In contrast, the compounds of the other tree species showed a low degree of intercorrelation. Co-occurring phenolics of different tree species were not correlated. Overall, our analysis of site indices indicated that plant productivity was not a useful predictor for the concentration of specific phenolics. The relationship amongst plant nitrogen and specific phenolics might be the result of two defence strategies (one related and the other not related to nitrogen content). This might enable the plant to shift its defences against attacks with a high degree of flexibility.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 59%

Herbivores and variation in the composition of specific phenolics of boreal coniferous trees: a search for patterns

et al. 2010

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“…contained higher concentrations of constitutive phenolics than those from low altitudes (below 500 m a.s.l. ), while the low altitude provenances showed a strong induction of phenolics in response to infection (Bahnweg et al 2000). This suggests that some forest trees may show genetic trade-offs between allocation to constitutive and induced phenolic responses to pathogens.…”

Section: Variation In Phenolics and Resistance Due To Plantinherent Fmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…Moreover, constitutive and inducible phenolics, such as (+)-catechin or taxifolin, were found to vary among spruce clones of different susceptibility to Ceratocystis polonica (Evensen et al 2000). In Norway spruce needles, accumulation of the glucoside picein in response to inoculation with Sirococcus conigenus, which causes shoot blight and cankers of various conifers, was reported to depend on provenance (Bahnweg et al 2000). The phenolic content seemed to be provenance and altitude dependent.…”

Section: Variation In Phenolics and Resistance Due To Plantinherent Fmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phenolic metabolites in the resistance of northern forest trees to pathogens — past experiences and future prospects

2008

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Phenolic metabolites are frequently implicated in chemical defense mechanisms against pathogens in woody plants. However, tree breeding programmes for resistance to pathogens and practical tree-protection applications based on these compounds seem to be scarce. To identify gaps in our current knowledge of this subject, we explored some of the recent literature on the involvement of phenolic metabolites in the resistance of northern forest trees (Pinus, Picea, Betula, Populus, and Salix spp.) to pathogens. Although it is evident that the phenolic metabolism of trees is often activated by pathogen attacks, few studies have convincingly established that this induction is due to a specific defense response that is capable of stopping the invading pathogen. The role of constitutive phenolics in the resistance of trees to pathogens has also remained unclear. In future studies, the importance of phenolics in oxidative stress, cell homeostasis and tolerance, and the spatial and temporal localization of phenolics in relation to invading pathogens should be more carefully acknowledged. Possibilities for future studies using advanced methods (e.g., metabolic profiling, confocal laser scanning microscopy, and use of modified tree genotypes) are discussed.Résumé : Les métabolites phénoliques sont souvent impliqués dans les mécanismes de défense chimiques contre les agents pathogènes chez les plantes ligneuses. Cependant, il semble y avoir peu de programmes d'amélioration des arbres pour la résistance aux agents pathogènes ou de mesures pratiques de protection des arbres qui sont basés sur ces composés. Dans le but d'identifier les lacunes dans nos connaissances actuelles sur ce sujet, nous avons exploré une partie de la littérature récente traitant du rôle des métabolites phénoliques dans la résistance des espèces forestières nordiques (Pinus, Picea, Betula, Populus et Salix spp.) aux agents pathogènes. Bien qu'il soit évident que le métabolisme des composés phénoliques chez les arbres est souvent déclenché par les attaques des agents pathogènes, il a rarement été établi de façon convaincante que cette induction est due à une réaction de défense spécifique capable d'enrayer l'invasion de l'agent pathogène. De plus, on n'est toujours pas certain du rôle que jouent les composés phénoliques constitutifs dans la résistance des arbres face aux agents pathogènes. Dans les études ultérieures, on devrait accorder plus d'attention à l'importance des composés phénoliques en lien avec le stress oxydatif, l'homéostasie et la tolérance des cellules ainsi qu'à la localisation spatiale et temporelle des composés phénoliques en relation avec l'invasion des agents pathogènes. La discussion porte sur la possibilité que les études futures utilisent des méthodes de pointes telles que le profilage métabolique, le microscope confocal à balayage laser et aient recours à des arbres dont le génotype a été modifié.[Traduit par la Rédaction]

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“…Sm. (Filion et al 2003), as well as for a spruce pathogen in the presence of other pathogens (Bahnweg et al 2000).…”

Section: Monitoring and Quantification Of Pathogensmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular epidemiology of forest pathogens: from genes to landscape

Hamelin

2006

Canadian Journal of Plant Pathology

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In the last two decades, important developments in molecular biology have significantly improved our capacity to address questions in population biology, which could have an impact on our understanding of the epidemiology of plant pathogens. In turn, some of the molecular tools that are now available, in particular those based on the polymerase chain reaction, have made it possible to detect and monitor pathogens directly from the environment, by-passing the need for culturing. This has had a large impact in forest pathology, where hosts and pathogens often cover large ranges of latitude, longitude, and altitude. Genomics data as well are being generated in forest pathology, with fungal and tree genomes being completely sequenced. The integration of genomic and environmental data is a promising area of forest pathology, and this review will address some of the issues and potential future directions in this field.Résumé : Au cours des deux dernières décennies, d'importants développements en biologie moléculaire ont grandement amélioré notre capacité à aborder les questions de biologie des populations qui pourraient influer sur notre compréhension de l'épidémiologie des agents pathogènes des plantes. Pour leur part, certains des outils moléculaires maintenant disponibles, en particulier ceux basés sur l'amplification en chaîne de la polymérase, ont permis de détecter et surveiller des agents pathogènes directement dans l'environnement, éliminant la nécessité de les cultiver. Ceci a eu un impact considérable en pathologie forestière, où les hôtes et les agents pathogènes couvrent souvent de grands intervalles de latitude, de longitude et d'altitude. De plus, des données génomiques sont générées en pathologie forestière, des génomes de champignons et d'arbres étant complètement séquencés. L'intégration des données génomiques et environnementales est un domaine prometteur de la pathologie forestière, et la présente synthèse abordera quelques-unes des problématiques et des avenues dans ce domaine.Mots clés : génétique des populations, diagnostic, amplification en chaîne de la polymérase, génomique fongique, éta-blissement de profils de communautés, pathologie forestière.Hamelin: forest pathogens / molecular epidemiology / genomics 181

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Controlled inoculation of Norway spruce (Picea abies) with Sirococcus conigenus: PCR-based quantification of the pathogen in host tissue and infection-related increase of phenolic metabolites

Cited by 29 publications

References 16 publications

Herbivores and variation in the composition of specific phenolics of boreal coniferous trees: a search for patterns

Herbivores and variation in the composition of specific phenolics of boreal coniferous trees: a search for patterns

Phenolic metabolites in the resistance of northern forest trees to pathogens — past experiences and future prospects

Molecular epidemiology of forest pathogens: from genes to landscape

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