Controlled in situ synthesis of surface functionalized BaSO4 nanoparticles for improved bone cement reinforcement

Abstract

Controlled in situ synthesis of surface functionalized BaSO 4 nanoparticles is achieved by using a difunctional molecule to modulate the growth of nanoparticles coupled with in situ generation of SO 4 2À under mild conditions. Such BaSO 4 nanoparticles with surface vinyl groups reinforce the PMMA bone cement better than conventional BaSO 4 particles. † Electronic supplementary information (ESI) available: Details of the experiment, XRD, FTIR, TEM, SEM, pH change with reaction time, the equation for simulation of particle growth, and mechanical properties of bone cement. See

HEMA‐Modified Expandable P(MMA‐AA) Bone Cement with Dual Water Absorption Networks

“…The volume shrinkage, as a major drawback of PMMA bone cement, has been tackled by its expansion property as the introduction of the expandable substances into the solid or liquid phase. The solid phase modification of PMMA bone cement mainly focused on the improvement of the hydrophilicity like hydrophilic bone cements (HBCs),3,4 and also the additives of the filling materials, such as barium sulfate, bioactive hydroxyapatite (HA) nanoparticles and BMP 2,5–7 could reduce the shrinkage of the matrix. In our previous studies, PAAS fibers and poly(methyl methacrylate‐ co ‐acrylic acid) [P(MMA‐AA)] microspheres were incorporated into the solid phase of commercial PMMA bone cement to eliminate its shrinkage 8,9.…”

Multifunctional Coating to Simultaneously Encapsulate Drug and Prevent Infection of Radiopaque Agent

“…It was reported that the addition of additives into PMMA bone cements would decrease the mechanical property [32,33]. In our group’s previous study, the compressive strength also decreased with addition of magnesium balls [33].…”

Surface functionalized barium sulfate nanoparticles: controlled in situ synthesis and application in bone cement

“…The molar ratio of MSAH/BaCl 2 is set between 0 and 0.128 referring to our previous work. 35 The morphology of the BaSO 4 particles synthesized with different combinations of pre-decomposition time and MSAH/BaCl 2 molar ratio are systematically presented in Fig. 1-6 and Table 1.…”

“…In our previous work, a new strategy to achieve the controlled synthesis of surface functionalized BaSO 4 nanoparticles under mild conditions was developed. 35 The in situ generation of SO 4 2À was realized by the thermal decomposition of K 2 S 2 O 8 in an aqueous, basic solution. Additionally, the difunctional molecule, 2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyldimethyl-(3-sulfopropyl) ammonium hydroxide (MSAH) was used as a surface modication agent.…”

“…Compared to the conventional mm sized BaSO 4 particles, the MSAH-functionalized BaSO 4 nanoparticles effectively improve the compressive and bending strength of the bone cements. 35 Despite the success of this strategy, a few critical issues remain to be addressed. Firstly, the average size of the MSAHfunctionalized BaSO 4 nanoparticles needs to be further reduced, which is supposed to endow the bone cement with better mechanical properties.…”