Controlled Growth of Carbon Spheres by Chemical Vapor Deposition Based on Anodic Aluminum Oxide Nano-Template

Abstract

The reactions were carried out by decomposing acetylene at 1000 °C in a two-stage furnace system for 10 min. In the first furnace no catalyst was placed and an AAO template with the average diameter about 50 nm was placed in the second furnace whose temperature was designed to be 500 °C, 600 °C and 700 °C. The samples were characterized by scanning electron microscopy and high resolution transmission electron microscopy. The results show that carbon spheres with average diameter about 50 nm on the AAO template surface were obtained when the temperature of the second furnace was designed to be 700 °C. These carbon spheres are composed of unclosed graphene layers with an interlayer distance of 0.33–0.35 nm between the layers.

Development of durable superhydrophobic materials for ice- and snow-free airport concrete pavements

“…Therefore, the surface was superhydrophobic, but the water drops were not allowed to slide as a result of the high adhesion forces. Chen et al used a carbon template method in which hollow spheres were fabricated on a glass substrate as a result of a calcination process (Chen et al, 2012).…”

“…Recent studies have considered mimicking those surfaces found in nature that display extreme anti-wetting or superhydrophobic properties for mitigating ice adhesion on weather-exposed surfaces (Boinovich and Emelyanenko, 2013, Cao et al, 2009, Ferrick et al, 2008, Guo et al, 2012, Kulinich and Farzaneh, 2011, Saito et al, 1997. Several experimental procedures for fabricating superhydrophobic surfaces have been reported in the literature (Basu et al, 2011, Boinovich and Emelyanenko, 2013, Braziers.Pr et al, 1972, Chen et al, 2012, Crick and Parkin, 2011, Feng et al, 2003, Hatton and Aizenberg, 2012, Herminghaus, 2000, Hosono et al, 2005, Jin et al, 2005, Li et al, 2003, Pozzato et al, 2006, Saini et al, 2008, Saito et al, 1997, Shi et al, 2006, Shi et al, 2005, Shiu et al, 2004, Si and Xue, 2009, Somlo and Gupta, 2001, Srinivasan et al, 2008, Suh and Jon, 2005, Wang et al, 2007, Zhang et al, 2008a. The incorporation of superhydrophobic solutions within cementitious matrices has shown improved mechanical performance and improved durability characteristics in concrete due to the creation of an air void system with properties to resist several thousand freeze-thaw cycles, water absorption, and chloride permeability (Muzenski et al, 2015).…”