Controlled Growth and Characterization of Tungsten Oxide Nanowires Using Thermal Evaporation of WO<sub>3</sub> Powder

Baek, Yun-Ho; Yong, Kijung

doi:10.1021/jp0659857

Cited by 204 publications

(127 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…The Cs M 4,5 edge (EELS) is illustrated in Figure S5, indicating the presence of Cs atoms inside the structure of the TNPs. The presence of Cs in WO 3 lowers significantly its band-gap [38] and can be used as exchange by other elements to create proper active sites for water oxidation process [39]. The third step corresponds to the dehydration process (i.e., phase transformation):…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of tungsten oxide nanoparticles using a hydrothermal method at ambient pressure

2014

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Tungstite (WO 3 .H 2 O) nanoparticles were synthesized using a simple and inexpensive low temperature and low pressure hydrothermal method by adding hydrochloric acid to diluted sodium tungstate solutions (Na 2 WO 4 .2H 2 O) at temperatures below 5 o C. A heat treatment at temperatures at or above 300 o C resulted in a phase transformation to monoclinic WO 3 , while preserving the nanoparticles morphology. The products were characterized using powder x-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy (including electron energy-loss spectroscopy and electron diffraction) and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. [26][27]. Oriented WO 3 nanowires were also obtained using an hydrothermal (HT) treatment in the presence of alkaline metal sulfates [28][29]. In this article, we report on a very simple, low temperature (95-98 Keywords

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of tungsten oxide nanoparticles using a hydrothermal method at ambient pressure

2014

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“…The crystal structure of WO 3 can be controlled by synthetic methods or deposition processes. Several methods can be used to fabricate WO 3 electrodes for EC applications, including sputtering [5], thermal evaporation [6], solÀgel coating [7], hydrothermal [8] electrochemical methods [9] and electrospinning [10]. In addition to bulktype electrodes, nano-structured WO 3 has been increasingly investigated because its morphology provides a high surface area for electron and ion transport [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Electrochromic device of PEDOT/TiO 2 nanocomposite electrode synthesized in BMIMBF 4 was reported to have enhanced long-term stability [22]. Solid state devices of PEDOT/WO 3 and PPy/ WO 3 composite films prepared in ionic liquids such as BMIMPF 6 , BMIMTFSI and BMPTFSI as electrolyte media were found to have high chromatic contrast, reasonable switching time, high coloration efficiency and electrochromic properties changed depending on characteristic of ionic liquids [23,24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

PEDOT/WO₃ Hybrid Nanofiber Architectures for High Performance Electrochromic Devices

et al. 2016

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This study focuses on the electrochromic device (ECD) applications of poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene)/tungsten oxide (PEDOT/WO3) hybrid nanofibers prepared via electrospinning method. Nanoporous WO3 films were initially electrosynthesized on Pt sheet. The PEDOT layer was electropolymerized onto the entire surface of the WO3 nanoporous host framework in the presence of different ionic liquids: 1‐butyl‐3‐methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate (BMIMBF4), 1‐butyl‐3‐methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate (BMIMPF6), 1‐butyl‐ 3‐methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl) imide (BMIMTFSI), and 1‐butyl‐1‐methylpyrrolidinium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl) imide (BMPTFSI). The morphological features and elemental surface characterization of hybride nanofibers were monitored by scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy. ECDs changed color reversibly from transparent to light brown by switching from +3 V to −3 V. It was found that the highest optical modulation of 47.89 % and maximum coloration efficiency of 363.72 cm2/C is achieved for PEDOT/WO3/BMIMPF6 based electrochromic device. Hybrid nanofibers exhibited excellent long term stability even after 1000 chronoamperometric cycles. This work could not only push forward the facile preparation of PEDOT/WO3 nanofibers but also represent, for the first time, the possibility that the hybrid nanofibers could be a promising material for the highly efficient ECDs.

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“…Nanostructured WO3 materials have been synthesized by many researchers in past decades. For example, onedimensional (nanorod, nanowire and needle) WO3 materials were synthesized on the various substrates by thermal chemical vapor deposition (CVD) [1][2][3][4], thermal deposition [5], and vapor-solid growth process [6]. Many of these experiments need expensive metal-organic gases, high vacuum facilities [7], complex process [8] and high temperature conditions (500-2500ºC).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simple synthesis conditions of WO<sub>3</sub> hydrate nanorods by solvothermal process

Hiroshiba

Tabata

Yamauchi

et al. 2014

Trans. Mat. Res. Soc. Japan

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Tungsten oxide (WO 3 ) hydrate nanorods were synthesized by solvothermal process under different condition (170-210ºC, acetic acid (0-10 ml). The morphologies of synthesized WO 3 hydrate nanorods were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). As the result, we found the optimal synthesis condition of WO 3 hydrate nanorods. In this optimal condition, the treatment temperature was 190ºC with no acetic acid in the reactive solution. The length and diameter of observed nanorods were approximately 1-20 m and 50-1000 nm, respectively. The XRD analysis revealed that the crystal structure of WO 3 hydrate (WO 3 (H 2 O) 0.33 ) nanorods has orthorhombic phase (Fmm2) with high crystallinity.Key words: Tungsten oxide, solvothermal, oxide nanorod IntroductionNanostructured WO3 materials are one of candidate used as electronic paper, photocatalyst and ionic sensor device due to its electronic functionalities and electrochromic properties. Nanostructured WO3 materials have great advantage in carrier transport and ionic exchange, since they have larger surface area and large interface of surrounding materials comparing to thin film phase. For this reason, nanostructured WO3 materials are expected to achieve efficient photocatalyst property and electrochromic properties than that's of WO3 thin film. Nanostructured WO3 materials have been synthesized by many researchers in past decades. For example, onedimensional (nanorod, nanowire and needle) WO3 materials were synthesized on the various substrates by thermal chemical vapor deposition (CVD) [1][2][3][4], thermal deposition [5], and vapor-solid growth process [6]. Many of these experiments need expensive metal-organic gases, high vacuum facilities [7], complex process [8] and high temperature conditions (500-2500ºC). It is difficult to fabricate large quantities of nanostructured WO3 with low-cost production. Therefore, fabrication methods of nanostructured WO3 have been demanded to replace the methods as mentioned.Recently, Chongshen Guo et al. synthesized Csdope WO3 nanorods by solvothermal process utilizing WCl6 ethanol solution at low temperature [9]. This solvothermal method has great advantage for mass production with low-cost due to its low temperature simple process. However, this method enables to synthesize only Cs-dope WO3 not non-dope WO3. Csdope WO3 is not suitable for device application, since highly doped Cs ions in WO3 suppress the photocatalytic effect and EC reaction. For device application purpose, solvothermal synthesis of non-dope WO3 is crucial. In this study, we have developed novel synthesis route of non-dope WO3 nanorods without using acetic acid and

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Controlled Growth and Characterization of Tungsten Oxide Nanowires Using Thermal Evaporation of WO₃ Powder

Cited by 204 publications

References 32 publications

Synthesis of tungsten oxide nanoparticles using a hydrothermal method at ambient pressure

Synthesis of tungsten oxide nanoparticles using a hydrothermal method at ambient pressure

PEDOT/WO₃ Hybrid Nanofiber Architectures for High Performance Electrochromic Devices

Simple synthesis conditions of WO<sub>3</sub> hydrate nanorods by solvothermal process

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Controlled Growth and Characterization of Tungsten Oxide Nanowires Using Thermal Evaporation of WO3 Powder

Cited by 204 publications

References 32 publications

Synthesis of tungsten oxide nanoparticles using a hydrothermal method at ambient pressure

Synthesis of tungsten oxide nanoparticles using a hydrothermal method at ambient pressure

PEDOT/WO3 Hybrid Nanofiber Architectures for High Performance Electrochromic Devices

Simple synthesis conditions of WO<sub>3</sub> hydrate nanorods by solvothermal process

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Controlled Growth and Characterization of Tungsten Oxide Nanowires Using Thermal Evaporation of WO₃ Powder

PEDOT/WO₃ Hybrid Nanofiber Architectures for High Performance Electrochromic Devices