Controlled formation of metallic nanoballs during plasma electrolysis

Toriyabe, Yu; Watanabe, Seiichi; Yatsu, Shigeo; Shibayama, Tamaki; Mizuno, Tadahiko

doi:10.1063/1.2760042

Cited by 91 publications

(103 citation statements)

References 25 publications

(27 reference statements)

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this solution plasma technique [19][20] , an electrode was used as the raw material for the preparation of nanocrystals. Various nanoparticles such as Ni 19,20 , Au 20,21 , ZnO 22 have been synthesized via solution plasma. In general, the solution plasma technique offers many advantages, such as (1) simple experimental setup, (2) no requirement for gas supply, (3) higher productivity than conventional solution processes, and (4) applicability to mass production.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Surfactant-assisted synthesis of Sn nanoparticles via solution plasma technique

Saito

Chen

Akiyama

2014

Advanced Powder Technology

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We have adopted a solution plasma synthesis for preparing Sn nanoparticles (Sn-NPs) directly from metallic Sn electrode. The Sn-NPs were synthesized in the presence of the surfactant, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), and the effect of the concentration of CTAB on the Sn-NPs was investigated. Without CTAB addition, SnO plates were precipitated. Sn-NPs with less than 200 nm were synthesized at a high concentration of 200 × 10 -6 g·ml -1 of CTAB. Electrochemical properties of SnO plates and Sn-NPs were analyzed for use as an anode material in Li-ion batteries. A composite of Sn-NPs and graphite enhanced the cyclic stability owing to the buffer space provided by the graphite for volume expansion. In the case of the 30 wt% loaded Sn-NPs, the capacity was measured to be 414 mAh·g -1 after 20 cycles.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surfactant-assisted synthesis of Sn nanoparticles via solution plasma technique

Saito

Chen

Akiyama

2014

Advanced Powder Technology

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“…14,15 Recently, a solution plasma has been applied to the synthesis of nanoparticles. The produced particle size and compositions were affected by the plasma conditions, such as the electrode shape, 16,17 voltage, 18,19 atmospheric pressure, 20 and material. 21 Previous reports indicated that the shape of the electrode affects the plasma conditions and obtained nanoparticles.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Excitation temperature of a solution plasma during nanoparticle synthesis

Saito

Nakasugi

Akiyama

2014

Journal of Applied Physics

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Excitation temperature of a solution plasma was investigated by spectroscopic measurements to control the nanoparticle synthesis. In the experiments, the effects of edge shielding, applied voltage, and electrode material on the plasma were investigated. When the edge of the Ni electrode wire was shielded by a quartz glass tube, the plasma was uniformly generated together with metallic Ni nanoparticles. The emission spectrum of this electrode contained OH, H-alpha, H-beta, Na, O, and Ni lines. Without an edge-shielded electrode, the continuous infrared radiation emitted at the edge created a high temperature on the electrode surface, producing oxidized coarse particles as a result. The excitation temperature was estimated from the Boltzmann plot. When the voltages were varied at the edge-shielded electrode with low average surface temperature by using different electrolyte concentrations, the excitation temperature of current-concentration spots increased with an increase in the voltage. The size of the Ni nanoparticles decreased at high excitation temperatures. Although the formation of nanoparticles via melting and solidification of the electrode surface has been considered in the past, vaporization of the electrode surface could occur at a high excitation temperature to produce small particles. Moreover, we studied the effects of electrodes of Ti, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, Zr, Nb, Mo, Pd, Ag, W, Pt, Au, and various alloys of stainless steel and Cu-Ni alloys. With the exception of Ti, the excitation temperatures ranged from 3500 to 5500 K and the particle size depended on both the excitation temperature and electrode-material properties

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“…The product obtained after plasma electrolysis was found to be uniformly shaped spherical nanoparticles called 'nanoballs'. [1] As a result of glow-discharge plasma causing localised melting spots on the cathode surface to occur repeatedly, molten material in order of nanosize became ejected from the cathode. Then they solidified into spherical nanoballs because of the surface tension and quenching effect of the electrolyte.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Then they solidified into spherical nanoballs because of the surface tension and quenching effect of the electrolyte. [1,2,8] Nanoballs have good potential as photocatalytic materials because of their very small size and therefore high reactivity. Titanium oxide (TiO 2 ) and zinc oxide (ZnO) are wellknown photocatalytic/photoelectric materials.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of stainless steel nanoballs via submerged glow-discharge plasma and its photocatalytic performance in methylene blue decomposition

Julaihi

Yatsu

Jeem

et al. 2014

Journal of Experimental Nanoscience

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Stainless steel nanoparticles or 'nanoballs' have been synthesised using submerged glow-discharge plasma. Transmission electron microscopy showed that the nanoballs are uniformly spherical and size distribution estimation showed that their diameters are below 200 nm. The decomposition of methylene blue solution under ultraviolet light with the wavelength of 354 nm was observed in the presence of stainless steel nanoballs. A mixture of stainless steel nanoballs and 0.1% methylene blue dye was irradiated with ultraviolet light. The concentration of methylene blue was reduced to baseline level in 72 hours. This shows that the stainless steel nanoballs have photocatalytic ability. In stainless steel nanoballs, methylene blue showed two different decomposition pathways; showing fast and slow reactions. Also, methylene blue was oxidised into sulphoxide before reducing into lighter by-products. X-ray diffraction analysis has shown that the nanoballs consist of Fe 2 O 3 and Cr 2 O 3 , which are photocatalytically active species.

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Controlled formation of metallic nanoballs during plasma electrolysis

Cited by 91 publications

References 25 publications

Surfactant-assisted synthesis of Sn nanoparticles via solution plasma technique

Surfactant-assisted synthesis of Sn nanoparticles via solution plasma technique

Excitation temperature of a solution plasma during nanoparticle synthesis

Synthesis of stainless steel nanoballs via submerged glow-discharge plasma and its photocatalytic performance in methylene blue decomposition

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