Controlled Crumpling of Two-Dimensional Titanium Carbide (MXene) for Highly Stretchable, Bendable, Efficient Supercapacitors

Abstract

Two-dimensional MXene materials have demonstrated attractive electrical and electrochemical properties in energy storage applications. Adding stretchability to MXene remains challenging due to its high mechanical stiffness and weak intersheet interaction, so the assembling techniques for mechanically stable MXene architectures require further development. We report a simple fabrication by harnessing the interfacial instability to generate higher dimensional MXene nanocoatings capable of programmed crumpling/unfolding. A sequential patterning approach enabled the design of sequence-dependent MXene textures across multiple length scales, which were utilized for controllable wetting surfaces and high-areal-capacitance electrodes. We next transferred the crumpled MXene nanocoating onto an elastomer to fabricate an MXene/elastomer electrode with high stretchability. The accordion-like MXene can be reversibly folded/unfolded and still preserve efficient specific capacitances. We further fabricated asymmetric MXene supercapacitors, and the devices demonstrated efficient electrochemical performance and large deformability (180° bendability, 100% stretchability). Our texturing techniques can be applied to large MXene families for designing stretchable architectures in wearable electronics.

A comprehensive review on mechanical, electromagnetic radiation shielding, and thermal conductivity of fibers/inorganic fillers reinforced hybrid polymer composites

“…Furthermore, MXene is not a unique component for the production of huge‐scale area flexible film, due to it has lower mechanical characteristics, weaker intersheet interaction and smaller in size. [ 196,232 ] The reinforcement of polymers between the layers of MXene can be applied to modify MXene thin films. For example, MXene is reinforced with poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride), sodium alginate, polyacrylamide, cellulose fiber, and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), to fabricate high strength and flexible thin film.…”

Efficient Energy Conversion and Storage Based on Robust Fluoride‐Free Self‐Assembled 1D Niobium Carbide in 3D Nanowire Network

“…The utilization of rational architecture design and carbon‐based backbones is essential for fabricating an aggregation‐resistant open structure to feature a fast surface kinetics. [ 4,23,24 ] Noted that MXene compound based nanofiber, [ 25 ] crumped devices, [ 23 ] and macropores [ 24 ] have been successfully fabricated and demonstrated their outstanding applications. It is attributed to their enhanced conductivity and ion accessibility.…”

Biomimetic MXene Textures with Enhanced Light‐to‐Heat Conversion for Solar Steam Generation and Wearable Thermal Management

“…The MXene dispersion was next drop‐cast or spray‐coated onto the thermally responsive polystyrene (PS) substrates (i.e., shrink films). After being air‐dried, the planar MXene samples (denoted as generation 0 (G 0 )) were heated above the T g of PS (≈100 °C), and the G 0 samples were shrunk to ≈50% of the original length and ≈25% of the original area. The biaxial contraction resulted in the deformation of G 0 planar nanocoatings into isotropic crumpled nanocoatings (denoted as G 1 , Figure d).…”