Controlled creation and stability of 
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 skyrmions on a discrete lattice

Hagemeister, Julian; Siemens, Ansgar; Rózsa, Levente; Vedmedenko, E. Y.; Wiesendanger, R.

doi:10.1103/physrevb.97.174436

Cited by 37 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…We compute the barriers using the Geodesic Nudged Elastic Band Method (GNEBM) 31 which has been previously used to compute transitions with the least energy cost between equilibrium configurations in finite chiral systems. 18,[32][33][34] Our results show that the stability of target states benefits from ferromagnetic boundaries, in agreement with our experimental findings.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Nanoscale magnetic skyrmions and target states in confined geometries

Cortés‐Ortuño

Romming²,

Beg

et al. 2019

Phys. Rev. B

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Research on magnetic systems with broken inversion symmetry has been stimulated by the experimental proof of particle-like configurations known as skyrmions, whose non-trivial topological properties make them ideal candidates for spintronic technology. In this class of materials, Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interactions (DMI) are present, which favor the stabilization of chiral configurations. Recent advances in material engineering have shown that in confined geometries it is possible to stabilize skyrmionic configurations at zero field. Moreover, it has been shown that in systems based on Pd/Fe bilayers on top of Ir(111) surfaces skyrmions can be as small as a few nanometres in diameter. In this work we present scanning tunneling microscopy measurements of small Pd/Fe and Pd2/Fe islands on Ir(111) that exhibit a variety of different spin textures, which can be reproduced using discrete spin simulations. These configurations include skyrmions and skyrmion-like states with extra spin rotations such as the target state, which have been of interest due to their promising dynamic properties. Furthermore, using simulations we analyze the stability of these skyrmionic textures as a function of island size, applied field and boundary conditions of the system. An understanding of the parameters and conditions affecting the stability of these magnetic structures in confined geometries is crucial for the development of energetically efficient and optimally sized skyrmion-based devices.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Nanoscale magnetic skyrmions and target states in confined geometries

Cortés‐Ortuño

Romming²,

Beg

et al. 2019

Phys. Rev. B

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“…Here, we utilize another type of magnetic quasi-particle ( Fig. 1a) with a zero topological charge: the skyrmionium (also called a 2π-skyrmion) [24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34] . The skyrmionium has been observed experimentally created by laser pulses 27 , as target skyrmionium in nanodiscs 28 and very recently in a thin ferromagnetic film on top of a topological insulator 29 .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrical writing, deleting, reading, and moving of magnetic skyrmioniums in a racetrack device

Göbel

Schäffer

Berakdar

et al. 2019

Sci Rep

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A magnetic skyrmionium (also called 2 π -skyrmion) can be understood as a skyrmion—a topologically nontrivial magnetic whirl—which is situated in the center of a second skyrmion with reversed magnetization. Here, we propose a new optoelectrical writing and deleting mechanism for skyrmioniums in thin films, as well as a reading mechanism based on the topological Hall voltage. Furthermore, we point out advantages for utilizing skyrmioniums as carriers of information in comparison to skyrmions with respect to the current-driven motion. We simulate all four constituents of an operating skyrmionium-based racetrack storage device: creation, motion, detection and deletion of bits. The existence of a skyrmionium is thereby interpreted as a ‘1’ and its absence as a ‘0’ bit.

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“…(1) suggests that control over the energy barrier should be the key strategy for improving on thermal stability of skyrmions. Recent theoretical works have indeed focused on obtaining the energy barrier of skyrmion annihiliation [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20]. For decades, tuning the energy barrier has been the main approach to the development of information storage bits based on magnetic materials.…”

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confidence: 99%

Skyrmion lifetime in ultrathin films

et al. 2019

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We show that thermal stability of magnetic skyrmions can be strongly affected by entropic effects. The lifetimes of isolated skyrmions in atomic Pd/Fe bilayers on Ir(111) and on Rh(111) are calculated in the framework of harmonic transition state theory based on an atomistic spin model parametrized from density functional theory. Depending on the system the attempt frequency for skyrmion collapse can change by up to nine orders of magnitude with the strength of the applied magnetic field. We demonstrate that this effect is due to a drastic change of entropy with skyrmion radius which opens a novel route towards stabilizing sub-10 nm skyrmions at room temperature.

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Controlled creation and stability of kπ skyrmions on a discrete lattice

Cited by 37 publications

References 50 publications

Nanoscale magnetic skyrmions and target states in confined geometries

Nanoscale magnetic skyrmions and target states in confined geometries

Electrical writing, deleting, reading, and moving of magnetic skyrmioniums in a racetrack device

Skyrmion lifetime in ultrathin films

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