Controlled Air‐Etching Synthesis of Porous‐Carbon Nanotube Aerogels with Ultrafast Charging at 1000 A g<sup>−1</sup>

Zhao, Wenqi; Zhang, Hui; Liu, Jie; Lu, Xu; Wu, Huaisheng; Zou, Mingchu; Wang, Qian; He, Xiaodong; Li, Yibin; A, Cao

doi:10.1002/smll.201802394

Cited by 38 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Whether in KOH electrolyte or EMIMBF 4 electrolyte, the energy/power density of CBC3-based SCs is evidently one of the best levels among the reported corresponding electrolyte systems. [26,34,[50][51][52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59][60][61] In addition, as displayed in Figure S19 (Supporting Information), the corresponding maximum volumetric energy/power densities in the KOH electrolyte and EMIMBF 4 electrolyte calculated according to the compacting density ( Figure S18 and Table S3, Supporting Information) of CBC3 are 11.1 Wh L −1 /12.3 kW L −1 and 58.4 Wh L −1 /43 kW L −1 , respectively, showing a brilliant competitiveness.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Cucurbit[6]uril‐Derived Sub‐4 nm Pores‐Dominated Hierarchical Porous Carbon for Supercapacitors: Operating Voltage Expansion and Pore Size Matching

Qiu

Kang

Wei

et al. 2020

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However, the inferior energy density of SCs (typically < 5 Wh kg −1) severely restricts their widespread application in large-scale energy storage. [3-5] Based on the evaluation criterion of energy density, the energy density of SCs is proportional to the specific capacity and the square of the operating voltage of the device. [3,6] Therefore, in principle, the key to construct high energy density SCs lies in the electrode material with superb intrinsic characteristics and the electrolyte with high voltage window that is highly matched with the electrode material. To date, many kinds of active materials, such as transition metal hydroxides/oxides, phosphates, and carbon-based materials have been developed as electrode materials for SCs. [7-12] Among them, compounds based on the Faraday reaction tend to possess superior theoretical specific capacity, but due to poor intrinsic conductivity, sluggish kinetics, and collapse-prone structure, the key parameters such as rate capability and cyclability are unsatisfactory. [2,13] As a versatile SCs electrode material, carbon-based materials based on reversible ion adsorption/desorption not only integrate high specific capacity, excellent rate capability, and outstanding cycling performance, but also compatible with various electrolyte systems such as aqueous, organic, and ionic liquid. [14,15] In view of energy storage characteristics, pore structure plays the most vital role in electrochemical properties of carbon-based materials. [16,17] In the inherent cognition, micropores provide active sites to store charge, mesopores contribute channels to promote ion diffusion and transfer, and macropores act as ion buffers. [18,19] However, since the small-sized micropores (d <0.5 nm) are ioninaccessible, as well as the charge storage efficiency of smallsized mesopores (d <4 nm) is comparable to that of micropores, the specific capacity of carbon-based material is not always linearly related to the micropore volume. [2,20-22] Therefore, the active site contributors should be defined as ion-accessible micropores and small-sized mesopores. In view of this, the ideal carbonbased materials for SCs should be a hierarchical porous carbon (HPC), in which the ion-accessible micropores and small-sized mesopores are dominated and supplemented by a reasonable proportion of supermesopores (d >4 nm). The intrinsic properties of carbon-based material and the voltage window of electrolyte are the two key barriers to restrict the energy density of carbonbased supercapacitors (SCs). Herein, a cucurbit[6]uril-derived nitrogen-doped hierarchical porous carbon (CBCx) with unique pore structure characteristics is synthesized and successfully applied to construct SCs based on different electrolyte systems. Owing to narrow pore size distribution (0.5-4 nm), colossal ion-accessible pore volume, prominent supermesopore volume, and reasonable heteroatom configuration, the CBCx-based SCs demonstrate excellent electrochemical performances with high operating voltages in two distinct systems. The optimal SCs...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Cucurbit[6]uril‐Derived Sub‐4 nm Pores‐Dominated Hierarchical Porous Carbon for Supercapacitors: Operating Voltage Expansion and Pore Size Matching

Qiu

Kang

Wei

et al. 2020

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“…For carbon materials, the surface properties also have a remarkable impact on their capacitive performance [7,[15][16][17][18][19][20][21]. It has been demonstrated that surface oxygen functional groups are beneficial to the wettability of carbon electrode surface and provide additional pseudocapacitance in aqueous electrolyte [22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

3D Carbon Frameworks for Ultrafast Charge/Discharge Rate Supercapacitors with High Energy-Power Density

et al. 2020

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Carbon-based electric double layer capacitors (EDLCs) hold tremendous potentials due to their high-power performance and excellent cycle stability. However, the practical use of EDLCs is limited by the low energy density in aqueous electrolyte and sluggish diffusion kinetics in organic or/and ionic liquids electrolyte. Herein, 3D carbon frameworks (3DCFs) constructed by interconnected nanocages (10–20 nm) with an ultrathin wall of ca. 2 nm have been fabricated, which possess high specific surface area, hierarchical porosity and good conductive network. After deoxidization, the deoxidized 3DCF (3DCF-DO) exhibits a record low IR drop of 0.064 V at 100 A g−1 and ultrafast charge/discharge rate up to 10 V s−1. The related device can be charged up to 77.4% of its maximum capacitance in 0.65 s at 100 A g−1 in 6 M KOH. It has been found that the 3DCF-DO has a great affinity to EMIMBF4, resulting in a high specific capacitance of 174 F g−1 at 1 A g−1, and a high energy density of 34 Wh kg−1 at an ultrahigh power density of 150 kW kg−1 at 4 V after a fast charge in 1.11 s. This work provides a facile fabrication of novel 3D carbon frameworks for supercapacitors with ultrafast charge/discharge rate and high energy-power density.

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“…In summary, constructing fast lithium‐ion and electron channels while sustaining the structure stability of materials is the key to achieve excellent cathode and anode for fast charging lithium batteries. Electrodes with nanoporous structure combined with highly conductive substrate are favorable for high rate performances . Consequently, the cathode and anode optimization strategies are similar in lithium batteries with liquid electrolytes.…”

Section: The Requirements Of Electrodes For Fast Chargingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fast Charging Lithium Batteries: Recent Progress and Future Prospects

Zhu

Zhao

Huang

et al. 2019

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Fast charging enables electronic devices to be charged in a very short time, which is essential for next‐generation energy storage systems. However, the increase of safety risks and low coulombic efficiency resulting from fast charging severely hamper the practical applications of this technology. This Review summarizes the challenges and recent progress of lithium batteries for fast charging. First, it describes the definition of fast charging and proposes a critical value of ionic and electrical conductivity of electrodes for fast charging in a working battery. Then based on this definition, the requirements and optimization strategies of the electrode, electrolyte, and electrode/electrolyte interface for fast charging are proposed. Finally, a general conclusion and perspectives on the better understanding of lithium batteries with fast charging capability are presented.

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Controlled Air‐Etching Synthesis of Porous‐Carbon Nanotube Aerogels with Ultrafast Charging at 1000 A g⁻¹

Cited by 38 publications

References 49 publications

Cucurbit[6]uril‐Derived Sub‐4 nm Pores‐Dominated Hierarchical Porous Carbon for Supercapacitors: Operating Voltage Expansion and Pore Size Matching

Cucurbit[6]uril‐Derived Sub‐4 nm Pores‐Dominated Hierarchical Porous Carbon for Supercapacitors: Operating Voltage Expansion and Pore Size Matching

3D Carbon Frameworks for Ultrafast Charge/Discharge Rate Supercapacitors with High Energy-Power Density

Fast Charging Lithium Batteries: Recent Progress and Future Prospects

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Controlled Air‐Etching Synthesis of Porous‐Carbon Nanotube Aerogels with Ultrafast Charging at 1000 A g−1

Cited by 38 publications

References 49 publications

Cucurbit[6]uril‐Derived Sub‐4 nm Pores‐Dominated Hierarchical Porous Carbon for Supercapacitors: Operating Voltage Expansion and Pore Size Matching

Cucurbit[6]uril‐Derived Sub‐4 nm Pores‐Dominated Hierarchical Porous Carbon for Supercapacitors: Operating Voltage Expansion and Pore Size Matching

3D Carbon Frameworks for Ultrafast Charge/Discharge Rate Supercapacitors with High Energy-Power Density

Fast Charging Lithium Batteries: Recent Progress and Future Prospects

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Product

Resources

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Controlled Air‐Etching Synthesis of Porous‐Carbon Nanotube Aerogels with Ultrafast Charging at 1000 A g⁻¹