“…[20][21][22] Though, some challenges in their use remain, such as stability, biocompatibility, and toxicity. Hence, in comparison to other analytical techniques, CD-based uorescence methods have emerged as highly efficient tools for detecting pesticides, [23][24][25] heavy metal ions, 26,27 biomarkers, and drugs. 28 Despite the promising applications for broad use in pesticide analysis, the advancement of optical sensors utilizing CDs technology still faces challenges, like the quantum yield (QY), uorescence performance, development of green synthesis methods, purication process, modication in the synthesis methods to tune the optical properties, large-scale production, and real-life applications.…”