Controllable Shrinking of Glass Capillary Nanopores Down to sub-10 nm by Wet-Chemical Silanization for Signal-Enhanced DNA Translocation

Xu, Xiaolong; Li, Chuanping; Jin, Yongdong

doi:10.1021/acssensors.7b00385

Cited by 32 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…In a standard solid-state-nanopore experiment, the chip is sandwiched between two rubber O-rings that seal two compartments containing the electrolyte solution ( Fig.3f). Alternatively, solid-state pores of ~5-50 nm size can be made by mechanical pulling of hollow glass (SiO2) pipettes 87,88 , which are immersed in electrolyte during the measurement. Current sensing, amplification, and recording is the same as for biological nanopores.…”

Section: Noise In Solid-state Nanoporesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparing current noise in biological and solid-state nanopores

Fragasso

Schmid

Dekker

2019

Preprint

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Nanopores bear great potential as single-molecule tools for bioanalytical sensing and sequencing, due to their exceptional sensing capabilities, high-throughput, and low cost. The detection principle relies on detecting small differences in the ionic current as biomolecules traverse the nanopore. A major bottleneck for the further progress of this technology is the noise that is present in the ionic current recordings, because it limits the signal-to-noise ratio and thereby the effective time resolution of the experiment. Here, we review the main types of noise at low and high frequencies and discuss the underlying physics. Moreover, we compare biological and solid-state nanopores in terms of the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), the important figure of merit, by measuring free translocations of a short ssDNA through a selected set of nanopores under typical experimental conditions. We find that SiNx solid-state nanopores provide the highest SNR, due to the large currents at which they can be operated and the relatively low noise at high frequencies. However, the real game-changer for many applications is a controlled slowdown of the translocation speed, which for MspA was shown to increase the SNR >160-fold. Finally, we discuss practical approaches for lowering the noise for optimal experimental performance and further development of the nanopore technology.

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Section: Noise In Solid-state Nanoporesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparing current noise in biological and solid-state nanopores

Fragasso

Schmid

Dekker

2019

Preprint

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“…Thanks to the advances in nanotechnology, especially in nanofabrication, artificial solid‐state nanopores have been achieved by different ways. They include i) silicon nitride nanopores drilled by ion beam sculpting, [ 27 ] transmission electron microscopy (TEM) technique [ 28 ] or controlled dielectric breakdown (CDB) technique; [ 29 ] ii) nanotubes (NT) synthesized by catalytic particles coupled with chemical vapor deposition (CVD), [ 30 ] carbon‐arc discharge, and laser; [ 31 ] iii) 2D nanopores such as graphene, [ 32 ] boron nitride, [ 33 ] and molybdenum disulfide [ 34 ] opened by ablation via focused electron‐beam irradiation in a TEM; [ 35 ] iv) nanopipette made through laser‐assisted pulling; [ 36 ] v) polymer nanopore opened by track‐etching technique. [ 37 ] The properties of these nanopores can be very different according to their size, geometry, or surface state.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Track‐Etched Nanopore/Membrane: From Fundamental to Applications

2020

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Biomimetic and bio‐inspired membranes draw great attention and generate extensive efforts to solve environmental, health, and energy issues. In this field, track‐etched membranes present the advantage to be tuned from a single pore to a large‐scale multipore membrane. On one hand, from the large‐scale membrane to a single nanopore, the research becomes more fundamental, meticulous, and quantitative to describe concrete processes inside confined spaces. This allows understanding the role of the surface phenomena and nanoscale effects. On the other hand, working from a single pore to a multipore membrane allows perfect control of the membrane properties. This ensures a promising ability for upscale from the lab findings to applications. In this review, a global insight on the track‐etched nanopore/membrane is taken through presentation of fabrication and functionalization methods, transport properties, and the related applications. By functionalization, track‐etched nanopores can be used to understand ion transport under confined spaces with high aspect ratio, to analyze single molecules, to design stimuli‐responsive membranes, and to generate energy from salinity gradient and light.

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“…The side wall effect could play an important role in SICM imaging; therefore, care should be taken in limiting the wall dimensions of the probe when pushing toward highresolution. Recent works aiming to increase the resolution by using small nanopores (e.g., via local physical shrinking of the probe aperture 24,25 or using biological pores in lipid membranes 26,27 ) concomitantly result in the formation of probes with bigger walls, which will most likely face such side wall imaging effects introduced herein.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simultaneous scanning ion conductance and atomic force microscopy with a nanopore: Effect of the aperture edge on the ion current images

Dorwling-Carter

Aramesh

Forró

et al. 2018

Journal of Applied Physics

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Scanning ion conductance microscopy (SICM) is a technique for high-resolution non-contact imaging, particularly powerful for live cell studies. Despite debates on its lateral resolution, consensus is that a probe presenting a tip with small opening aperture, large opening angle, and large outer-to-inner radius ratio will offer a SICM current signal more sensitive to tip-sample separation, ultimately impacting the image resolution. We report here the design of such a probe, integrating a nano-opening (<20 nm opening diameter) with increased outer-to-inner radius ratio and a wide opening angle through microfabrication and ion milling. The probe consists of a microfluidic atomic force microscopy (AFM) cantilever offered by the Fluid Force Microscope (FluidFM) technology, able to act as an SICM and AFM probe. Such a combination allows investigating the implications of the new probe geometry on the SICM imaging process by simultaneously recording currents and forces. We demonstrate through experiments on well-defined samples as well as corresponding simulations that by integrating a nanopore onto the FluidFM, nanoscale features could be successfully imaged, but the increased sensitivity of the probe current to sample distance comes with higher sensitivity to an inherent SICM wall artefact.

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Controllable Shrinking of Glass Capillary Nanopores Down to sub-10 nm by Wet-Chemical Silanization for Signal-Enhanced DNA Translocation

Cited by 32 publications

References 50 publications

Comparing current noise in biological and solid-state nanopores

Comparing current noise in biological and solid-state nanopores

Track‐Etched Nanopore/Membrane: From Fundamental to Applications

Simultaneous scanning ion conductance and atomic force microscopy with a nanopore: Effect of the aperture edge on the ion current images

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