Controllable growth of bulk cubic-phase CH3NH3PbI3single crystal with exciting room-temperature stability

Luan, Mengyu; Song, Jun‐Ling; Wei, Xiangfeng; Chen, Fang; Liu, Jiehua

doi:10.1039/c6ce00375c

Cited by 53 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…During revisions of this manuscript there has been a report of crystallization of MAPbCl 3 using DMSO, but with the addition of chlorobenzene (CB) to the solution, which is an antisolvent for the perovskite19. This report indicates that the addition of an antisolvent is also capable of initiating crystallization, and of reducing the onset temperature for crystallization.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanism for rapid growth of organic–inorganic halide perovskite crystals

et al. 2016

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Optoelectronic devices based on hybrid halide perovskites have shown remarkable progress to high performance. However, despite their apparent success, there remain many open questions about their intrinsic properties. Single crystals are often seen as the ideal platform for understanding the limits of crystalline materials, and recent reports of rapid, high-temperature crystallization of single crystals should enable a variety of studies. Here we explore the mechanism of this crystallization and find that it is due to reversible changes in the solution where breaking up of colloids, and a change in the solvent strength, leads to supersaturation and subsequent crystallization. We use this knowledge to demonstrate a broader range of processing parameters and show that these can lead to improved crystal quality. Our findings are therefore of central importance to enable the continued advancement of perovskite optoelectronics and to the improved reproducibility through a better understanding of factors influencing and controlling crystallization.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanism for rapid growth of organic–inorganic halide perovskite crystals

et al. 2016

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“…Over the last 2 years, an increasing number of researchers have begun studying single‐crystalline perovskites, including crystal preparations, property studies, and applications . For example, an extremely long carrier lifetime (up to 20 µs) and carrier diffusion length (175 µm) have been found, which has received a great deal of attention.…”

Section: Perovskite Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Progress in Single‐Crystalline Perovskite Research Including Crystal Preparation, Property Evaluation, and Applications

2017

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Organic–inorganic lead halide perovskites are promising optoelectronic materials resulting from their significant light absorption properties and unique long carrier dynamics, such as a long carrier lifetime, carrier diffusion length, and high carrier mobility. These advantageous properties have allowed for the utilization of lead halide perovskite materials in solar cells, LEDs, photodetectors, lasers, etc. To further explore their potential, intrinsic properties should be thoroughly investigated. Single crystals with few defects are the best candidates to disclose a variety of interesting and important properties of these materials, ultimately, showing the increased importance of single‐crystalline perovskite research. In this review, recent progress on the crystallization, investigation, and primary device applications of single‐crystalline perovskites are summarized and analyzed. Further improvements in device design and preparation are also discussed.

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“…XRD spectra of MAPI films prepared varying the chemical composition, are displayed in Figure 2. The diffractograms exhibit reflections which have been assigned to MAPI with perovskite structure [19,20,21,22,23] but also reflections associated to precursor materials such as the peaks in 2θ = 12.6° and 2θ = 26.3° that have been assigned to the PbI 2 hexagonal phase [24,25] and 2θ = 31.7° assigned to the MAI phase [26]; these results indicate that samples deposited with excess of MAI (ratio 1.5:1) present a mixture of the phases MAPI, MAI, and PbI 2 , while those with excess of PbI 2 (ratio 4.5:1 and 3:1) grow with a mixture of the phases MAPI and PbI 2 . However, we were able to grow samples of MAPI free of secondary phases using a PbI 2 /MAI thickness ratio close to 2.6:1.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The crystalline structure of a typical MAPI sample prepared under a PbI 2 /MAI thickness ratio of 2.6:1, as well as the indices of Miller associated to the identified reflections were determined by comparing the experimental XRD spectrum with a theoretically simulated difractogram, using the FullProf program; the simulation was done assuming samples with known crystalline structure and group of symmetry and additionally using crystallographic parameters reported in the literature [19,21,22]. The simulation performed fitted quite well to the experimental results (Figure 4 with chi-squares less than 4).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improvement Properties of Hybrid Halide Perovskite Thin Films Prepared by Sequential Evaporation for Planar Solar Cells

2019

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Thin films of CH3NH3PbI3 and (NH2)2CHPbI3 (from now on abbreviated as MAPI and FAPI respectively), with perovskite structure were prepared by sequential evaporation of lead iodide (PbI2) and methylammonium iodide (MAI) or formamidinium iodide (FAI), with special emphasis on the optimization of its optical, morphologic, and structural properties. For this, the evaporation process was automatically controlled with a system developed using virtual instrumentation (VI) that allows electronic control of both evaporation sources temperature and precursors deposition rates, using proportional integral derivative (PID) and pulse width modulation (PWM) control algorithms developed with the LabView software. Using X-ray diffraction (XRD), information was obtained regarding the phase and crystalline structure of the studied samples as well as the effect of the main deposition parameters on crystallite size and microstrain. We also studied the influence of the main deposition parameters on the optical and morphological properties through measurements of spectral transmittance and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) respectively. It was found that the implemented method of sequential evaporation allows preparing, with a high degree of reproducibility, single phase MAPI and FAPI thin films with appropriate properties to be used as active layer in hybrid solar cells. The applicability of MAPI and FAPI thin films as active layer in photovoltaic devices has been demonstrated by using them in solar cells with structure: FTO/ZnO/MAPI(or FAPI)/P3HT/Au.

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Controllable growth of bulk cubic-phase CH₃NH₃PbI₃single crystal with exciting room-temperature stability

Cited by 53 publications

References 37 publications

Mechanism for rapid growth of organic–inorganic halide perovskite crystals

Mechanism for rapid growth of organic–inorganic halide perovskite crystals

Recent Progress in Single‐Crystalline Perovskite Research Including Crystal Preparation, Property Evaluation, and Applications

Improvement Properties of Hybrid Halide Perovskite Thin Films Prepared by Sequential Evaporation for Planar Solar Cells

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