Self-assemblies of two fluorenone-based derivatives (FE
and FEC)
consisting of a central 2,7-diphenyl-9-fluorenone polar moiety but
differing in the flexible terminal groups were investigated by scanning
tunneling microscopy (STM) at the 1-octanoic acid/HOPG interface under
different concentrations and density functional theory calculation
(DFT). STM results reveal a concentration-dependent polymorphic self-assembly
behavior for FE, but without the presence of co-adsorbed solvents.
As the concentration decreases, the dimer, bracket-like, and ribbon-like
self-assembled structures were observed. On the contrary, FEC molecules
assemble into only a type of oval-shaped morphology by the intermolecular
N···H–O hydrogen bonds with the solvent molecules.
Combined with DFT calculations, it can be deduced that the intermolecular
van der Waals forces, dipole–dipole interactions, and hydrogen
bonding are the main driving forces to stabilize the molecular packing
of fluorenone-based polycatenars with strong polarity. Our work is
of significance at the molecular level to further clarify the intermolecular
interactions and conformational effects on the formation of molecular
packing structures with liquid crystal property.