Control Strategies of Rotavirus Infection

Abstract

Rotavirus is major cause of gastroenteritis particularly in young and newborn children. The main way that the virus spreads is by the fecal-oral route, however, contaminated food, drink, and surfaces can also pose a significant risk of transmission. Due to inadequate sanitation and medical facilities, low-and middle-income nations are disproportionately affected by RV infections, which cause severe morbidity and mortality on a global scale. Various animals are affected by RV infections in addition to people, resulting in a variety of types. Infection of host cells, virus replication, assembly, and release of new virus particles are all phases of the RV life cycle. Personal contact, contaminated objects, and airborne routes are the three ways the disease spreads. According to epidemiology, childhood RV infections are common, vary seasonally, and are more severe in low-income countries. RV vaccinations, such as RotaTeq and Rotarix have successfully avoided severe gastroenteritis. Passive immunization is the main focus of animal vaccines; however, RV Virus-like Particles (RV-VLPs) promise to be a more broadly serotype-covered vaccine in the future. RV continues to be a major public health concern, and developments like RV-VLPs, as well as the development and execution of efficient immunization programs, are essential for the prevention and management of disease worldwide.