Control perceptions in epilepsy: A transcultural case–control study with focus on auras

Moritz, J.; Mameniškienė, Rūta; Rimšienė, Justė; Budriūnienė, Atėnė; Calado, Gabriel de Almeida; Rigon, Isadora Barazzetti; Cantu, Pietro Lentz Martins; Meneguzzi, Caroline; Walz, Roger; Lin, Kátia; Wolf, Peter

doi:10.1016/j.yebeh.2018.09.005

Cited by 6 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Findings suggesting that epilepsy as such is associated with externalized control perceptions (DeVellis et al, 1980;Matthews and Barabas, 1986) were not methodically robust even if they may have some validity for the United States in the 1980s. They were strongly confirmed for South India by Gopinath et al (2000) but could, in a transcultural investigation, not be reproduced for countries as far apart as Brazil and Lithuania Moritz et al (2018). The latter findings seem to indicate that epilepsy as such has no appreciable impact on LOC.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…In contradistinction, Moritz et al (2018) in a controlled transcultural study with the Rotter (1966) scale detected no differences in GLOC between patients and controls, and between the two participating countries, Brazil and Lithuania.…”

Section: Methodological Issuesmentioning

confidence: 81%

“…Well-matched control groups are, therefore, indispensable whenever generic data about LOC in specific conditions like epilepsy are intended. Moritz et al (2018) also proposed another possible factor working toward a "normalization" of LOC scores in epilepsy over time, i.e., reduction of stigmatization of epilepsy due to public awareness campaigns. Repetitive opinion polls measuring public attitudes to epilepsy in several countries such as Czech Republic (Novotná and Rektor, 2017) and United States (Cui et al, 2015) have shown a development toward more inclusion.…”

Section: Methodological Issuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As a consequence of our earlier study (Lohse et al, 2015) that had shown that patients' ability to react meaningfully to auras was correlated with a higher internal score on Wallston's HLOC scale (form C), Moritz et al (2018) wanted to know if the same was true for GLOC. The idea behind was that the repetitive experience to be able to avoid loss of control by seizures would provide a higher perception of self-control not just regarding their epilepsy but for their lives in general.…”

Section: Studies Of General Locus Of Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Does Epilepsy Have an Impact on Locus of Control?

et al. 2020

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Many chronic diseases impair patients' quality of life and may also affect their control perceptions. This could particularly happen for patients with epilepsy whose seizures often imply loss of control as a deeply disturbing experience. In 1980, a study on learned helplessness in epilepsy found a highly significant reduction of internal general locus of control (GLOC) and an increase of chance and powerful others health-related LOC (HLOC). In consequence, LOC became a frequent target of investigations relating to depression and anxiety, quality of life, coping, compliance, and other psychosocial aspects of epilepsy. Both GLOC and HLOC were investigated, and special groups like children, elderly, mentally handicapped persons, and those with psychogenic nonepileptic seizures were addressed. Most studies attempted to relate in-group differences of LOC to other parameters. Seizure-free patients were found to have a more internal HLOC, and patients with severe epilepsies have a more external HLOC. Patients with a high external HLOC seem to have more difficulties with coping and to be more anxious. Whereas external GLOC was correlated with learned helplessness, internal GLOC was associated with high self-efficacy and better life quality. An association of external LOC with depression seemed not to be a stable co-relation as clinical improvement following epilepsy surgery dissociated the two. A hypothesis was confirmed that the ability of some patients to counteract seizures at their onset, thus preserving control, was correlated with a higher internal HLOC. Some other theoretically well-founded hypotheses were not supported. Absolute figures as reported in several papers are of limited use because the only normative data for comparison come from a local sample of 1976 from Tennessee, whereas LOC scores may differ largely dependent on cultural and societal conditions. Very few controlled studies exist, and the early finding of a generally externalized LOC in epilepsy was confirmed only in one study performed in a South Indian community known for strong stigma against epilepsy. A recent transcultural investigation conducted in Brazil and Lithuania found no differences from healthy controls and between countries. It seems worthwhile to further investigate relations of LOC with epilepsy stigma.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 88%

Section: Methodological Issuesmentioning

confidence: 81%

Section: Methodological Issuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Studies Of General Locus Of Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Does Epilepsy Have an Impact on Locus of Control?

et al. 2020

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“…This could be due to the already considerably high levels of R/S found in the Brazilian population that could obfuscate minor differences between different population subsets. In a recent transcultural study of locus of control in PWE comparing Brazilians and Lithuanians, the INSPIRIT-R scores differed strongly (3.11 ± 0.87 vs. 2.45 ± 0.72, p < 0.0001), in Lithuania likewise without significant difference from healthy controls 25 .…”

Section: R/s In Patients With Epilepsy Compared With Controlsmentioning

confidence: 87%

Religiosity and spirituality in patients with epilepsy

Rigon

Calado

Linhares

et al. 2019

Arq. Neuro-Psiquiatr.

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Religiosity and spirituality (R/S) are widely regarded as important allies against illness and suffering in general. Findings in temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) suggest the temporal lobe as the anatomical-functional basis of religious experiences. Both R/S are relevant in patients with epilepsy (PWE) since epilepsy can lead to psychosocial issues for a significant portion of patients and their families. Objective: To investigate R/S in PWE, as well as the impact of different epileptic syndromes on patients' R/S. Methods: One hundred PWE and 50 healthy volunteers matched for age, sex and educational level were submitted to an interview, as well as three previously validated questionnaires: Index of Core Spiritual Experience (INSPIRIT-R), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), and the Quality of Life in Epilepsy Inventory (QOLIE-31). Results: PWE's and control's mean ages were 35.9 ± 12.4 vs. 36.3 ± 18.1 years, mean schooling was 8.9 ± 3.7 vs. 10.1 ± 4.2 years. The mean age of epilepsy onset was 14.5 ± 12.1 and monthly frequency of seizures was 5.9 ± 12.6. INSPIRIT-R's scores were not statistically significantly different between patients and controls (3.0 ± 0.8 vs. 3.0 ± 0.8); however, INSPIRIT-R's scores were significantly higher in TLE patients when compared with other epilepsy syndromes (3.2 ± 0.7 vs. 2.8 ± 0.9; p = 0.04). Conclusion: Temporal lobe epilepsy patients have higher levels of R/S.

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