“…They are grounded in first-principle equations to calculate the behavior and response of the system to different inputs. Some recent examples of white-box models are CoBo [4] for control-oriented building dynamics simulation, WFSim [5] for control-oriented wind farm simulation, and control-oriented models for chemical batteries [6,7]. Grey-box or reduced-order models find a middle ground by using simplified dynamic equations combined with datasets for parameter identification.…”