Control of Wind Energy Conversion Systems Based on the Modular Multilevel Matrix Converter

Díaz, Matías; Cárdenas, Roberto; Espinoza, Mauricio; Rojas, Félix; Mora, Andrés; Clare, Jon; Wheeler, Patrick

doi:10.1109/tie.2017.2733467

Cited by 98 publications

(110 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…These harmonics are also delivered to the arm voltages, and will cause the change in the amplitude and phase angle of EMF. In other words, the calculation result of Equation (33) is not equal to Equation (15) in practice. Therefore, the traditional methods are actually inaccurate.…”

Section: A More Accurate Methods To Calculate the Average Switching Fumentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since the composition of torque in PMSG is zero in the steady state, the PMSG can be taken as a voltage source for the MMC. Therefore, the PMSG part is emulated by the programmable power source, in which the wind turbine characteristics are programmed to emulate a generator operating at variable speed and variable voltage [33]. The experiment parameters of the emulated PMSG is shown in Table 2.…”

Section: Experiments Validationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Steady-State Analysis Method for Modular Multilevel Converters Connected to Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator-Based Wind Energy Conversion Systems

Liu

Sun

et al. 2018

Energies

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Modular multilevel converters (MMCs) have shown great potential in the area of multimegawatt wind energy conversion system (WECS) based on permanent magnet synchronous generators (PMSGs). However, the studies in this area are few, and most of them refer to the MMC used in high-voltage direct current (HVDC) systems, and hence the characteristics of the PMSG are not considered. This paper proposes a steady-state analysis method for MMCs connected to a PMSG-based WECS. In the proposed method, only the wind speed (operating condition) is required as input, and all the electrical quantities in the MMC, including the amplitudes, phase angles and their harmonics, can be calculated step by step. The analysis method is built on the proposed d-q frame mathematical model. Interactions of electrical quantities between the MMC and PMSG are comprehensively considered. Moreover, a new way to calculate the average switching functions are adopted in order to improve the accuracy of the analysis method. Applications of the proposed method are also presented, which includes the characteristic analysis of capacitor voltage ripples and the capacitor sizing. Finally, the accuracy of the method and the correctness of the analysis are verified by simulations and experiments.Energies 2018, 11, 461 2 of 31 require a large amount of series or parallel connected power devices in order to achieve the required power, which reduces the reliability of WECS. Moreover, the traditional converters are not suitable for medium-voltage (3-33 kV) WECS, which is becoming popular for turbine power ratings greater than 3.0 MW [6,7]. These drawbacks lead to the studies of new full-scale power converters.The modular multilevel converter (MMC), which became the most common type of voltage-source converter used in the high-voltage direct current (HVDC) applications, is also a suitable converter for PMSG-based WECS. In [8,9], MMC was used for medium-voltage motor drives, which opened up the study of MMC applied to variable-speed machines. The application of MMCs in PMSG-based WECS was first studied in [10]. That paper concluded that MMC should be considered a suitable option for transformerless 10 MW PMSG-based WECS, and performs well in the full system. In [11], the authors proposed an improved online fault identification scheme for the MMC applied to WECS, which avoided the use of extra sensors by only using the already available variables in detection, and therefore the maintenance cost of the distant offshore wind farms can be reduced. In [12], the complete control scheme of MMC applied to the PMSG-based WECS was proposed. Low voltage ride-through problems and capacitor voltage ripple problems were also studied in that paper. In addition, the increasing interest in all-dc wind farms, in recent years, will also enlarge the application of MMC in WECS [13][14][15].Steady-state analysis can be used for component sizing and assessment of the impact of different parameters on the MMC performance. However, there is no reference available for the steady-state anal...

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Section: A More Accurate Methods To Calculate the Average Switching Fumentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Experiments Validationmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Steady-State Analysis Method for Modular Multilevel Converters Connected to Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator-Based Wind Energy Conversion Systems

Liu

Sun

et al. 2018

Energies

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“…It can be observed that the proposed controller does not require the actual value of the single-phase voltage v r , since neither a single-phase PLL, nor a voltage controller, nor a feedforward of v r are used in (18). This is a useful feature, which makes the controller immune to disturbances in v r and improves the passivity properties of the single-phase side admittance [28], [32].…”

Section: B Single-phase Side Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is a highly beneficial feature, which generally allows for preventing destabilization of critical grid resonances [28], [32]. The passivity of Y 1ph is achieved through the controller design (18). In comparison, Fig.…”

Section: B Validation Of the Admittance Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Control and Admittance Modeling of an AC/AC Modular Multilevel Converter for Railway Supplies

Bessegato

Ilves

Harnefors

et al. 2020

IEEE Trans. Power Electron.

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Control and Admittance Modeling of an AC/AC Modular Multilevel Converter for Railway Supplies IEEE transactions on power electronicsAccess to the published version may require subscription. N.B. When citing this work, cite the original published paper. Permanent link to this version:Abstract-Modular multilevel converters (MMCs) can be configured to perform ac/ac conversion, which makes them suitable as railway power supplies. In this paper, a hierarchical control scheme for ac/ac MMCs for railway power supplies is devised and evaluated, considering the requirements and the operating conditions specific to this application. Furthermore, admittance models of the ac/ac MMC are developed, showing how the suggested hierarchical control scheme affects the three-phase and the single-phase side admittances of the converter. These models allow for analyzing the stability of the interconnected system using the impedance-based stability criterion and the passivitybased stability assessment. Finally, the findings presented in this paper are validated experimentally, using a down-scaled MMC.

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Matrix Converters

Clare¹,

Wheeler²,

Trentin³

et al. 2018

Wiley Encyclopedia of Electrical and Electronics Engineering

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Matrix converters provide direct AC‐AC power conversion without the intermediate DC link required by other approaches. Frequency changing and voltage changing capabilities are inherent in the operation of the converter. Matrix converters can be used in all applications where a conventional rectifier‐inverter might be used – but are particularly applicable to drive systems. The absence of DC link energy storage makes the matrix converter interesting and potentially attractive for applications where high power density is required and/or where high levels of structural integration are required. Regenerative operation is also an inherent feature of the topology. This article introduces the basic concept of the matrix converter and explains how it can be practically implemented using standard semiconductor devices. Some attention is paid to the critical issue of safe commutation – as this differs from most other converter types. Methods of modulating the converter to produce the desired output voltages and input currents are also discussed. The article concludes by discussing some protection issues and some emerging circuits that are derived from the basic matrix converter concept.

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Control of Wind Energy Conversion Systems Based on the Modular Multilevel Matrix Converter

Cited by 98 publications

References 22 publications

A Steady-State Analysis Method for Modular Multilevel Converters Connected to Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator-Based Wind Energy Conversion Systems

A Steady-State Analysis Method for Modular Multilevel Converters Connected to Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator-Based Wind Energy Conversion Systems

Control and Admittance Modeling of an AC/AC Modular Multilevel Converter for Railway Supplies

Matrix Converters

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