Control of water resource monitoring sensors with flow field estimation for low energy consumption

Pressure and inertia sensing drifters for glacial hydrology flow path measurements

“…The device has the size of a table tennis ball and included a radio transmitter to enable identification and data transmission after passage through the subglacial system of Leverett Glacier, Greenland (Bagshaw et al, 2012). These encouraging results lead to a second generation of E-tracers equipped with a pressure sensor and successfully transmitted pressure data from subglacial channels through 100 m of overlying ice after having been deployed in crevasses and moulins (Bagshaw et al, 2014). The published data remain sparse and limited to a single mean pressure record in Bagshaw et al (2014).…”

“…These encouraging results lead to a second generation of E-tracers equipped with a pressure sensor and successfully transmitted pressure data from subglacial channels through 100 m of overlying ice after having been deployed in crevasses and moulins (Bagshaw et al, 2014). The published data remain sparse and limited to a single mean pressure record in Bagshaw et al (2014). As with all new field measurement technologies, the repeatability of in situ measurements is often very challenging to determine.…”

“…As with all new field measurement technologies, the repeatability of in situ measurements is often very challenging to determine. Encouraged by the previous drifter studies by Bagshaw et al (2012Bagshaw et al ( , 2014 with a single pressure sensor, the present study explores the potential of sensing drifters with several different sensors (multimodal) to record data along the flow path of glacier channels. The focus of this work is to assess the repeatability of Lagrangian drifter measurements in a supraglacial channel.…”