Control of the Effective Pressure in the Cylinder of a Spark-Ignition Engine by Electromagnetic Valve Actuator

Mamala, Jarosław; Graba, Mariusz; Prażnowski, Krzysztof; Hennek, Krystian

doi:10.4271/2019-01-1201

Cited by 9 publications

(21 citation statements)

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“…At the same time, in the work [26] the waveform energy consumption recorded in the tests in the case of the combustion drive system is almost three times higher than the consumption for the electric drive system. These values are comparable with the results obtained by the authors of the research [21,38,39], but here they are referred to the index unit of the unit energy consumption of the car.…”

Section: Research and Analysis Of The Total Unit Energy Consumption Of A Hybrid Carsupporting

confidence: 89%

Analysis of the Total Unit Energy Consumption of a Car with a Hybrid Drive System in Real Operating Conditions

2021

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The market demand for vehicles with reduced energy consumption, as well as increasingly stringent standards limiting CO2 emissions, are the focus of a large number of research works undertaken in the analysis of the energy consumption of cars in real operating conditions. Taking into account the growing share of hybrid drive units on the automotive market, the aim of the article is to analyse the total unit energy consumption of a car operating in real road conditions, equipped with an advanced hybrid drive system of the PHEV (plug-in hybrid electric vehicles) type. In this paper, special attention has been paid to the total unit energy consumption of a car resulting from the cooperation of the two independent power units, internal combustion and electric. The results obtained for the individual drive units were presented in the form of a new unit index of the car, which allows us to compare the consumption of energy obtained from fuel with the use of electricity supported from the car’s batteries, during journeys in real road conditions. The presented research results indicate a several-fold increase in the total unit energy consumption of a car powered by an internal combustion engine compared to an electric car. The values of the total unit energy consumption of the car in real road conditions for the internal combustion drive are within the range 1.25–2.95 (J/(kg · m)) in relation to the electric drive 0.27–1.1 (J/(kg · m)) in terms of instantaneous values. In terms of average values, the appropriate values for only the combustion engine are 1.54 (J/(kg · m)) and for the electric drive only are 0.45 (J/(kg · m)) which results in the internal combustion engine values being 3.4 times higher than the electric values. It is the combustion of fuel that causes the greatest increase in energy supplied from the drive unit to the car’s propulsion system in the TTW (tank to wheels) system. At the same time this component is responsible for energy losses and CO2 emissions to the environment. The results were analysed to identify the differences between the actual life cycle energy consumption of the hybrid powertrain and the WLTP (Worldwide Harmonized Light-Duty Test Procedure) homologation cycle.

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Section: Research and Analysis Of The Total Unit Energy Consumption Of A Hybrid Carsupporting

confidence: 89%

Analysis of the Total Unit Energy Consumption of a Car with a Hybrid Drive System in Real Operating Conditions

2021

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“…The effect of the additional air charging of the turbocharger unit was measured on a chassis dynamometer in the form of an increase in the driving force during car acceleration from its initial speed, with a constant throttle position in the intake manifold (in Figure 9). According to literature [5], [14], [24], [29], a higher increase in driving force at partial throttle opening was achieved. The increase varies depending on the throttle opening in the intake manifold.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Air charging is one of the methods that allows for obtaining greater torque from the powertrain during the car's rapid acceleration. In paper of Bozza [1], Hawary [4], Kusztelan [8], Meldolesi [12], Merkisz [18], Mysłowski [14], Sivaramen [19], Turner [21], Williams [24] and Wisłocki [25], feature many such air charging systems, starting with air supercharger systems (e.g. compression and turbocharge) or high-storage systems (e.g.…”

Section: Methodology and Test Enginementioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is especially important in the first phase of the driving force buildup because the acceleration process is delayed due to the car's inertia (the so-called jerking action). In his own research presented in Figure 3, Mamala [14][15][16] limited the throttle speed in the intake manifold to 75 degrees per second (°/s), which substantially limited the car acceleration delay. However, this limitation caused a reduction in the car's acceleration dynamics, and it was contrary to the new requirements for the throttle opening in the engine's intake manifold, which amounted to 200 °/s for the tested engine [8], [9], [33], [34].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The papers of [4], [4], [9], [15], [32], [27] feature an analysis on how to solve this difficult problem. An important obstacle for the full utilisation of the powertrain's potential in terms of using the available combustion engine's specification related to rapid acceleration is the issue of substantially increasing the crankshaft's angular velocity [14], [23]. Then, the driving force, Fd occurring in the powertrain and resulting from the combustion engine's available torque reduced by the inertia of rotating and progressive elements, according to Eq.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

The Use of Short-Term Compressed Air Supercharging in a Combustion Engine with Spark Ignition

Mamala¹,

Prażnowski²,

Kołodziej³

et al. 2021

IJAME

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The powertrain is a very important subassembly in a car and is responsible not only for the automotive industry’s impact on the environment but also for the safety of people travelling by car and performing overtaking manoeuvres and joining traffic. In general, the powertrain is a combination of the drive unit and drive transmission, wherein the drive unit is responsible for the available driving force in the car’s wheels and for the car’s ability to accelerate when the throttle pedal is rapidly pressed at a constant gearbox ratio. The availability of the driving force reserve in the powertrain is the most important issue for the reason of safety of the people travelling by car. In the case of drive unit what they are of the combustion engines, the rapid pressing of the throttle pedal in the car acceleration process leads to a temporary deficiency in the driving force and in the powertrain’s output. The deficiency in the driving force has a negative impact on acceleration and driving comfort. In this paper, the authors assessed and analysed two different short-term compressed air supercharging systems for combustion engines with air supplied from a high-pressure tank. The analysis covered the response of the combustion engine with spark ignition to the gradual increase in pressure in the air-intake system. The assumption is that the applied short-term compressed air supercharging system could improve the driving force during the phase of the engine’s increasing crankshaft rotational speed. This helps to achieve the improved passenger car acceleration dynamics, depending on the supercharging method and throttle pedal exertion. When analysing the car’s acceleration dynamics, expressed by the shorter time of increasing the longitudinal speed from initial to final, it was possible to shorten the acceleration time. It is also possible to observe an improved driving force behaviour, especially during the first phase of acceleration.

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Structural and Material Analysis of an Electromagnetic Actuator for Pressure Control in an Internal Combustion Engine

Mamala,

Graba,

Prażnowski

et al. 2024

PAR

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The article describes the process of selecting the design parameters of the electromagnetic actuator, which was used to regulate the compression pressure in the cylinder of an internal combustion engine. The electromagnetic actuator was installed in the timing system of a single-cylinder internal combustion engine, which forced its basic design parameters in terms of force and frequency of operation. For the electromagnetic actuator in question, field calculations of the esign variants of the linear electromagnetic actuator for two types of materials were conducted. The finite element method was applied to the computer-aided design of electromagnetic actuators. The influence of the magnetic circuit and the dimensions of the windings on the distribution of the magnetic field were analyzed. The thickness and height of the magnetic field induces, and the dimensions of the stator poles have been changed while maintaining the same external dimensions of the actuator for design reasons. All this work was aimed at improving the performance of the internal combustion engine in terms of improving efficiency in terms of partial engine loads. In this area, the internal combustion engine is characterized by low efficiency, significantly deviating from the maximum, and at the same time, during normal operation of vehicles is the area most often exploited.

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Control of the Effective Pressure in the Cylinder of a Spark-Ignition Engine by Electromagnetic Valve Actuator

Cited by 9 publications

References 9 publications

Analysis of the Total Unit Energy Consumption of a Car with a Hybrid Drive System in Real Operating Conditions

Analysis of the Total Unit Energy Consumption of a Car with a Hybrid Drive System in Real Operating Conditions

The Use of Short-Term Compressed Air Supercharging in a Combustion Engine with Spark Ignition

Structural and Material Analysis of an Electromagnetic Actuator for Pressure Control in an Internal Combustion Engine

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