Control of the Australian plague locust, Chortoicetes terminifera (Walker)

Symmons, P. M.

doi:10.1016/0261-2194(84)90029-2

Cited by 12 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Although wind‐direction statistics indicate that opportunities for movement to the east and south‐east occurred only infrequently over most of the species range in eastern Australia, previous reports of movements have been to the south on the eastern side of troughs in late spring and summer (Farrow 1977, 1979, 1982), or on warm northerly flows ahead of depressions in autumn (Symmons & McCulloch 1980; Wright & Symmons 1987). These observations provided support for the proposition that arid south‐western Qld alone is the ‘plague source’ area (Wright 1983, 1986, 1987; Symmons 1984; Bryceson & Wright 1986; Wright & Symmons 1987). Within the context of the arid‐source area model, where significant northward migration is discounted, these migrations could only be seen as repeated examples of the ‘pied‐piper’ phenomenon.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 54%

“…In Australia, Key (1945) nominated numerous grassy plains where swarms were known to form as outbreak areas for the Australian plague locust ( Chortoicetes terminifera ) (Walker) (Orthoptera: Acrididae) across a broad climatic and geographical range. More recently an arid region centred in south‐west Queensland (Qld) was identified as the ‘plague source’ area (Wright 1983, 1986, 1987; Symmons 1984) with migration outside this region being predominantly southward. The distribution and timing of rainfall plays a critical role in the development of major outbreaks for many arid and rangeland locust species (Lea 1958; Casimir 1962; Waloff 1966; Magor 1970; Wright 1987; Hunter & Costenzo 1990; Todd et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For the last 20 years the dominant model of C. terminifera population dynamics has focused on the south‐west corner of Qld (Wright 1987) or the ‘Channel Country’ (Symmons 1984; Bryceson & Wright 1986) as the persistent source of plagues. Plagues were considered to develop from a sequence of generations within this region after favourable rains, which were followed by mass migration to the south in late summer and autumn.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evidence from traditional and new technologies for northward migrations of Australian plague locusts (Chortoicetes terminifera) (Walker) (Orthoptera: Acrididae) to western Queensland

Deveson¹,

Drake

Hunter³

et al. 2005

Austral Ecology

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The development of recent infestations of the Australian plague locust ( Chortoicetes terminifera ) (Walker) (Orthoptera: Acrididae) has been traced using traditional survey data combined with information from several modern technologies including simulation of windborne transport trajectories, direct observation with entomological radar and satellite imagery. The results indicate that migration from spring generations in the southern and eastern parts of the species range, including agricultural areas, to the summer rainfall areas in arid western Queensland (Qld) has contributed to the development of infestations on several occasions. Migration from swarm populations in New South Wales to western Qld in November and December 1999 contributed to a rapid population increase that, over a sequence of generations, led to the major infestation of agricultural areas in March and April 2000. There is evidence that northward migrations also occurred in 1995, 1997 and 2000. These contributed to the early summer populations in Qld, but did not result in large migrations to the south in autumn. These observations suggest that a pattern of exchange migration across much of the geographical range of the species between regions of winter and summer rainfall characterizes the spatial dynamics of this species. This pattern appears to be adaptive and suggests migration in C. terminifera is sustained by contemporary natural selection.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 54%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evidence from traditional and new technologies for northward migrations of Australian plague locusts (Chortoicetes terminifera) (Walker) (Orthoptera: Acrididae) to western Queensland

Deveson¹,

Drake

Hunter³

et al. 2005

Austral Ecology

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“…Unfortunately, the experimental conditions needed to resolve these issues can not be readily achieved-the chemical control of locusts being reinforced by legal obligations upon landholders and control organisations (Symmons 1984). These obligations mitigate against the conduct of exclusion experiments such as the absence of chemical control.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Insecticide Usage on Parasitism of Chortoicetes terminifera (Walker) (Orthoptera: Acrididae)

Baker

Barchia²

1997

Australian Journal of Entomology

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Parasitism of adult Chorroicefes terminifera by Trichopsidea oestracea Westwood and BIaesoxiphu rufpes (Macquart) was assessed to discern any effect of chemical control during an outbreak in the 1995-96 season in eastern New South Wales. In the Moree and Gunnedah regions the effects of ground control of bands and aerial control of bands and swarms on parasitism were compared with untreated controls. In the Hunter region only the effect of ground control of bands could be measured. Within both the Moree and Gunnedah regions there were no differences in parasitism rates by either T. oestraceaor B. rufipes which could be attributed to chemical control. Parasitism by T. oestrucea was significantly higher in the Hunter region than in all treatments in the Moree and Gunnedah regions, except untreated sites in the Gunnedah region. Parasitism by T. oestracea was significantly higher in the Gunnedah region than in the Moree region. Regional differences in parasitism by T. oestrucea are attributed to intrinsic climatic and landuse differences between the regions rather than coincident regional differences in insecticide usage. There were no treatment or regional differences in parasitism by B. rufipes. Parasitism levels recorded during the study were atypically low, a fact attributed to a severe drought which preceded the outbreak. Emigration of C. terminifera took place during the study but is not considered to have affected trends in parasitism.

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“…The most destructive orthopteran pest in eastern Australia is the Australian plague locust (Chortoicetes terminifera Walker), with outbreaks typically requiring control in one of every two years (see Plate 1). The Australian Plague Locust Commission (APLC) is responsible for controlling locust populations that pose an interstate threat in eastern Australia (Symmons 1984). Since its operation began in 1977, the APLC has used aerially applied broad-spectrum chemical insecticides in this task.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predicting avian distributions to evaluate spatiotemporal overlap with locust control operations in eastern Australia

Szabo

Davy

Hooper

et al. 2009

Ecological Applications

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Abstract. Locusts and grasshoppers cause considerable economic damage to agriculture worldwide. The Australian Plague Locust Commission uses multiple pesticides to control locusts in eastern Australia. Avian exposure to agricultural pesticides is of conservation concern, especially in the case of rare and threatened species. The aim of this study was to evaluate the probability of pesticide exposure of native avian species during operational locust control based on knowledge of species occurrence in areas and times of application. Using presence-absence data provided by the Birds Australia Atlas for 1998 to 2002, we developed a series of generalized linear models to predict avian occurrences on a monthly basis in 0.58 grid cells for 280 species over 2 million km 2 in eastern Australia. We constructed species-specific models relating occupancy patterns to survey date and location, rainfall, and derived habitat preference. Model complexity depended on the number of observations available. Model output was the probability of occurrence for each species at times and locations of past locust control operations within the 5-year study period. Given the high spatiotemporal variability of locust control events, the variability in predicted bird species presence was high, with 108 of the total 280 species being included at least once in the top 20 predicted species for individual space-time events. The models were evaluated using field surveys collected between 2000 and 2005, at sites with and without locust outbreaks. Model strength varied among species. Some species were under-or over-predicted as times and locations of interest typically did not correspond to those in the prediction data set and certain species were likely attracted to locusts as a food source. Field surveys demonstrated the utility of the spatially explicit species lists derived from the models but also identified the presence of a number of previously unanticipated species. These results also emphasize the need for special consideration of rare and threatened species that are poorly predicted by presence-absence models. This modeling exercise was a useful a priori approach in species risk assessments to identify species present at times and locations of locust control applications, and to discover gaps in our knowledge and need for further focused data collection.

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Control of the Australian plague locust, Chortoicetes terminifera (Walker)

Cited by 12 publications

References 12 publications

Evidence from traditional and new technologies for northward migrations of Australian plague locusts (Chortoicetes terminifera) (Walker) (Orthoptera: Acrididae) to western Queensland

Evidence from traditional and new technologies for northward migrations of Australian plague locusts (Chortoicetes terminifera) (Walker) (Orthoptera: Acrididae) to western Queensland

Effect of Insecticide Usage on Parasitism of Chortoicetes terminifera (Walker) (Orthoptera: Acrididae)

Predicting avian distributions to evaluate spatiotemporal overlap with locust control operations in eastern Australia

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