Control of Terfenol-D under load

Jenner, A.G.; Greenough, R.D.; Allwood, Daniel A.; Wilkinson, A. J.

doi:10.1063/1.357994

Cited by 13 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Substituting the geometrical relation of equation ( 1), the constitutive relations ( 6) and the magnetic field relation of equation ( 13) into the virtual work equation (15), and dividing the rod into m elements, we can get the following movement equation in matrix form:…”

Section: Numerical Program Of Simulationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…From the theory of mechanics, we know that the variation of Young's modulus further induces a change of natural frequency of the dynamic system, which can influence the design of control systems when a giant magnetostrictive actuator (GMA) is employed. To achieve this nonlinear effect of a GMA on an active vibration control, some control arithmetic is proposed to cater for both the nonlinear properties of the magnetomechanical materials and the responses from the associated mechanical components [15][16][17][18]. For example, Ralph studied the vibration control of a cantilevered beam with an end-mounted GMA by considering the nonlinear characteristics of the output displacement and input magnetic field of the GMA [19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Active vibration control of nonlinear giant magnetostrictive actuators

Zhou

Zheng

Zhou³

2006

Smart Mater. Struct.

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A nonlinear constitutive model-based vibration control system for giant magnetostrictive actuators (Terfenol-D) is presented in this paper. Such actuators utilize the realignment of magnetic moments in response to applied magnetic fields to generate strains in the material. It has been found that the strains and forces generated in this manner are significantly larger than those produced by many other smart materials, associated with significant and complex nonlinear relations among the quantities of applied magnetic field, strain, and compressive pre-stress. Based on the negative feedback control law and the analytical expressions of the nonlinear constitutive model of Terfenol-D rods, here, the effectiveness of real control systems for suppressing a vibration is confirmed by the simulation results on a case study of negative velocity feedback when its feedback gain is taken in a limit region. It is found that the limit region is dependent on the bias magnetic field and pre-stress. When the gain is employed out of the limit region, the real control system is unstable, but the simulation results on the basis of the linear constitutive model still show a stability of the control systems. To utilize the full potential of these materials in active vibration controls, thus, these inherent nonlinearities of the materials must be considered in the design of the control systems.

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Section: Numerical Program Of Simulationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Active vibration control of nonlinear giant magnetostrictive actuators

Zhou

Zheng

Zhou³

2006

Smart Mater. Struct.

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“…(Rodtlett et al, 2001). Jenner et al (1994) studied a vibration control case of Terfenol-D actuator by two kinds of control strategy. Engdahl and Svensson (1988) suggested a dynamic simulation model and gave the results under the variation magnetic field by SANDYS.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical simulation on coupling behavior of Terfenol-D rods

Sun

Zheng

2006

International Journal of Solids and Structures

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Terfenol-D rods, as a kind of giant magnetostrictive materials, are often used as active elements of device for antivibration application due to its superior material properties. Their magneto-mechanical responses exhibited in many experiments are nonlinear and coupled. In order to have a good understanding on their coupling characters for accurate control, the numerical simulation on dynamic behavior of a Terfenol-D rod is conducted based on a nonlinear and coupling constitutive model proposed in this paper. The results show that the constitutive model can effectively describe some intrinsic coupling phenomena observed by experiments involving the maximum magnetostrictive strain of a Terfenol-D rod changing with pre-stresses and the corresponding dynamic responses show that the frequency and the amplification of the Terfenol-D rod change with magnetic bias field and pre-stresses, which are also consistent with experimental data and cannot be captured by previous constitutive model.

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“…In category (ii), nonlinear control theory is used to ascertain inputs to the actuator which yield the desired system response -e.g., effective vibration attenuation or high accuracy tracking. This category includes the domain wall-based optimal design in Smith (1998) as well as nonlinear designs of the type detailed in Hiller et al (1989), Bryant et al (1992) and Jenner et al (1994). Schematics illustrating the two approaches are provided in Figure 1.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nonlinear Optimal Control Techniques for Vibration Attenuation Using Magnetostrictive Actuators

Oates

Smith

2007

Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures

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This article addresses the development of a nonlinear control design for attenuating structural vibrations using magnetostrictive transducers operating in nonlinear and highly hysteretic operating regimes. We consider as a prototype a thin plate subjected to exogenous pressure waves and controlled via Terfenol-D transducers at the plate edges; however, the methodology is sufficiently general to encompass a wide range of structures and magnetic transducer designs. Hysteresis inherent to the transducer materials is quantified using a homogenized energy framework and the resulting nonlinear constitutive relations are used to construct a PDE representation and corresponding finite dimensional model of the structural system. We employ optimal control theory to construct nonlinear open loop control inputs which accommodate the hysteresis inherent to the transducers but are not robust with regard to unmodeled dynamics or disturbances. Robustness is incorporated by employing perturbation techniques to provide linear feedback laws acting on measured disturbances. As illustrated via numerical examples, the resulting hybrid control design provides excellent control authority and robustness for transducers operating in hysteretic and nonlinear regimes.

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Control of Terfenol-D under load

Cited by 13 publications

References 2 publications

Active vibration control of nonlinear giant magnetostrictive actuators

Active vibration control of nonlinear giant magnetostrictive actuators

Numerical simulation on coupling behavior of Terfenol-D rods

Nonlinear Optimal Control Techniques for Vibration Attenuation Using Magnetostrictive Actuators

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