“…With the recent ban on the use of DPA by the European Union (EU), with a maximum tolerance of 0.1 ppm (EU Pesticides Database, 2012), apple commerce in global export markets has been affected, particularly in the EU (Rickard et al, 2016). Some alternative strategies that have been explored to replace DPA include 1) the use of 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP), which substantially reduces or eliminates superficial scald during storage (Rupasinghe et al, 2000;Watkins, 2006); 2) ultra low oxygen (ULO; 0.7 kPa O 2 ), a controlled atmosphere (CA) storage technology which reduces superficial scald (Wang and Dilley, 2000) and its variants initial low oxygen (ILO) (Wang and Dilley, 1999;Zanella, 2003) and dynamic atmosphere storage (DCA) (Zanella et al, 2005); and 3) delayed cooling treatments (also known as prestorage conditioning treatments), such as warming before or during cold storage (Alwan and Watkins, 1999), or stepwise cooling (Moggia et al, 2009). All of these technologies either greatly reduce a-farnesene synthesis and accumulation (1-MCP and ULO) or prevent a-farnesene oxidation (DPA and ULO).…”