Control of sugarcane smut (Ustilago scitaminea syd) disease in Nigeria and suggestions for an integrated pest management approach

Wada, A. C.; Mian, M. A. W.; Anaso, A. B.; Busari, L. D.; Kwon-Ndung, E. H.

doi:10.1007/bf02945163

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Perlakuan perendaman air panas atau hot water treatment (HWT) selama 30 menit pada suhu 52 °C sebelum benih ditanam dan rotasi tanaman dengan menggunakan tanaman bukan inang juga dapat dilakukan untuk mencegah terjadinya penyakit luka api. Adapun pengendalian secara kuratif dapat dilakukan dengan eradikasi tanaman yang terinfeksi dengan mencabut seluruh batang dalam satu rumpun meskipun hanya ada satu batang yang bergejala untuk mencegah menyebarnya spora di lapangan (Wada et al 1999;Bhuiyan et al 2013;Shailbala et al 2013). Lal et al (2009) (Bhuiyan et al, 2012;Rajput et al, 2019).…”

Section: Strategi Pengendalian Penyakit Luka Apiunclassified

Peluang Pengembangan Pengendalian Penyakit Luka Api pada Tebu di Indonesia

Hidayah¹

2020

Bul. Tan. Tembakau, Serat & Minyak Industri

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Penyakit luka api merupakan salah satu penyakit utama pada tanaman tebu. Penyakit ini disebabkan oleh jamur Sporisorium scitamineum yang menginfeksi tanaman melalui mata tunas. Tanaman yang terinfeksi memiliki gejala yang sangat khas yakni terbentuknya cambuk pada bagian ujung tanaman. Cambuk ini terdiri atas teliospora jamur yang berperan sebagai sumber inokulum yang ditularkan melalui angin. Penyakit luka api akan berkembang dengan baik pada kondisi panas dan kering. Saat ini penyakit luka api telah menyebar di hampir seluruh pertanaman tebu di Indonesia. Varietas tebu yang tadinya diklaim tahan terhadap penyakit luka api, saat ini dilaporkan banyak yang terinfeksi juga. Pengetahuan tentang jamur S. scitamineum dan infeksinya pada tanaman tebu yang menyebabkan gejala penyakit luka api ini sangat penting untuk dapat menentukan metode pengendalian yang tepat. Review ini bertujuan membahas peluang teknik pengendalian luka api pada tebu yang dapat diterapkan pada agroekosistem tebu di Indonesia. Oleh karenanya dalam review ini akan memaparkan informasi tentang morfologi dan biologi jamur, mekanisme infeksi penyakit, mekanisme ketahanan tebu terhadap patogen, penyebarannya di Indonesia dan dunia, serta strategi pengendalian dan peluang pengembangannya di Indonesia.The Opportunity to Develop Control Methods of Smut Disease on Sugarcane in IndonesiaAbstract Smut disease caused by a basidiomycete fungus, Sporisorium scitamineum, is one of important diseases on sugarcane. The fungus infects the cane through the buds. The infected cane has a very distinctive symptom i.e. the emergence of whip-like structure at the top of the plant. This structure consists of fungal teliospores covered by a thin layer of plant tissue. These teliospores play a significant role as a source of primary inoculum which can be transmitted by wind assistance. The disease was favored by dry warm climates. Currently, the sugarcane smut disease has been widely spread to almost all of sugarcane plantations in Indonesia. In addition, sugarcane variety, which was previously known as a resistant variety, it becomes susceptible. It is important to understand the behavior of the pathogen, mechanism of infection and factors affecting disease development to determine a proper control method for the disease. This review aims to discuss the opportunity of strategy for the control of smut disease on sugarcane which can be applied on sugarcane agroecosystem in Indonesia. Therefore, the review will elaborate the characteristics of the pathogen including its morphology and biology, mechanism of infection, resistance mechanisms of the host to pathogen infection, distribution of the disease in Indonesia and across the world, factors affecting disease development, and management of disease control for the smut disease and its opportunity to be developed in Indonesia.

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Section: Strategi Pengendalian Penyakit Luka Apiunclassified

Peluang Pengembangan Pengendalian Penyakit Luka Api pada Tebu di Indonesia

Hidayah¹

2020

Bul. Tan. Tembakau, Serat & Minyak Industri

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“…They include whip smut, red rot, leaf blast, sugar cane mosaic, pineapple disease, ratoon stunting disease, leaf scald, mottled stripe, pokkal boeng, sugar cane wilt disease (Sivanesan and Waller, 1986;Wada et al, 1999a). Wada (1997) and Wada et al (1998 and1999b) listed whip smut as the most important disease of sugar cane in Nigeria.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative Yield and Monetary Losses of Two Sugar Cane Varieties Caused by Whip Smut (Sporisorium scitamineum H. & P. Sydow) in Nigeria

Wada¹,

Anaso²,

Ehirim³

2016

Int. J. Curr. Res. Biosci. Plant Biol.

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The yields of two sugar cane varieties Bida local and Co 957 were reduced by varying concentrations of Sporisorium scitamineum [M. Piepenbr., M. Stoll & Oberw. 2002 (Syn: Ustilago scitamiea H. & P.Sydow)], the causal organism for whip smut of sugar cane at Badeggi (lat. 9°045' long. 6°07'E at an altitude of 70.57m. a. s. l). The two varieties of sugar cane were inoculated with four levels of S. scitamineum inoculum, 0 × 10 6 , 2 × 10 6 , 4 × 10 6 teliospores/ml respectively and planted in a split plot design in four replicates between 1998 and 2000. Results showed that their yields were significantly impaired by the effect of whip smut. The 6 × 10 6 teliospores/ml inoculum concentration recorded the least yield in the two test cane varieties. The yields of Bida local in all the two crop cycles from 1998 to 2000 were significantly lower than the yields of Co 957. Regressions of whip smut incidence on cane yields of Co 957 and 'Bida local' for two crop cycles showed that in both years, there was significant negative correlation between the incidence of whip smut and cane yield, except in 2000 on Co 957 ratoon crop. The highest yield reduction by whip smut was from the plant crop of Co 957 in 1998 and the ratoon crop of 'Bida local' in 1999 where each unit rise in whip smut incidence caused cane yield reduction of between 1.00-1.9 t/ha and 0.1-1.9 t/ha in Co 957 and 'Bida local' respectively. In monetary terms and at current rate of 1US$ to 200 Nigerian Naira (N200), the cane grower of the two cane types looses between $600-1140/t or N120,000-228,000 for Co 957 and $60-1140 or N12000-228,000 for 'Bida local' chewing cane. In the 1999 evaluation, each unit rise in incidence of whip smut reduced the yield of Co 957 by 0.

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“…In the past, several superior varieties/genotypes have been phased out of cultivation due to this disease in India (Agnihotri, 1990;Sinha, 2002). Although a number of fungicides have been found effective against smut (Agnihotri and Sinha, 1996;Vijaya, 2000;Wada et al, 1999;Singh, 1988) but the formidable rind of setts, fibrous nature of nodes, presence of water in setts besides deep seated buds in stubbles (ratoon) do not allow the fungicides to reach to site of infection to the desired concentration sufficient to manage the pathogen.…”

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confidence: 98%

Biological control of sugarcane smut (Sporisorium scitamineum) through botanicals and Trichoderma viride

et al. 2009

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Culmicolus smut (Sporisorium scitamineum Meike), the sett borne pathogen causes considerable loss to sugarcane productivity especially to ratoon crop. Use of fungicides may cause environmental hazards besides residual problem. Therefore, twenty five plant species and Trichoderma viride was evaluated in vitro against smut pathogen (Sporisorium scitamineum). Out of twenty five plant species, leaf extracts (10%) of Calendula officinalis, Solanum nigrum and culture filtrate (5%) T. viride (bioagent) inhibited mycelial growth and teliospore germination of S. scitemineum. In plant crop, smut incidence was 2.07% in dipping of infected setts in leaf extract of S. nigrum before planting, while in remaining treatments it ranged between 3.38 to 7.28% as against 11.3% in control. In ratoon crop, the smut incidence was 5.38% in the same treatment, while in rest of the treatments it ranged between 6.85 to 9.94 per cent as against 15.3% in control. However, sett treatment with T. viride culture filtrate (5.0%) was superior among all the treatments as it improved germination (6.2%), millable canes (27.33%) and cane cane yield (38.18%) in plant crop and sprouting of clumps (12.57%), millable canes (51.46%) and yield (48.75%) in ratoon crop, respectively.

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Control of sugarcane smut (Ustilago scitaminea syd) disease in Nigeria and suggestions for an integrated pest management approach

Cited by 4 publications

References 6 publications

Peluang Pengembangan Pengendalian Penyakit Luka Api pada Tebu di Indonesia

Peluang Pengembangan Pengendalian Penyakit Luka Api pada Tebu di Indonesia

Quantitative Yield and Monetary Losses of Two Sugar Cane Varieties Caused by Whip Smut (Sporisorium scitamineum H. & P. Sydow) in Nigeria

Biological control of sugarcane smut (Sporisorium scitamineum) through botanicals and Trichoderma viride

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