Control of Silicate Scales in Steam Flood Operations

Gallup, Darrell L.; Hinrichsen, Charles J.

doi:10.2118/114042-ms

Cited by 12 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…From a more general perspective, Ning has written a review on reactive silica in natural waters 3 . There have also been several reports dealing with the issue of silica in geothermal waters [4][5][6] and in fouling of membranes 2,3,[6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] . It is unfortunately beyond the scope of this report to make an economic comparison between some of these different approaches to silica removal.…”

Section: Figure 1 Proposed Ge Solution For the Use Of Impaired Watermentioning

confidence: 99%

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Technology to Facilitate the Use of Impaired Waters in Cooling Towers

Colborn

2012

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Executive Summary:The project goal was to develop an effective silica removal technology and couple that with existing electro-dialysis reversal (EDR) technology to achieve a cost effective treatment for impaired waters to allow for their use in the cooling towers of coal fired power plants. A quantitative target of the program was a 50% reduction in the fresh water withdrawal at a levelized cost of water of $3.90/Kgal.Over the course of the program, a new molybdenum-modified alumina was developed that significantly outperforms existing alumina materials in silica removal both kinetically and thermodynamically. The Langmuir capacity is 0.11g silica/g adsorbent. Moreover, a low cost recycle/regeneration process was discovered to allow for multiple recycles with minimal loss in activity. On the lab scale, five runs were carried out with no drop in performance between the second and fifth run in ability to absorb the silica from water. The Mo-modified alumina was successfully prepared on a multiple kilogram scale and a bench scale model column was used to remove 100 ppm of silica from 400 liters of simulated impaired water. Significant water savings would result from such a process and the regeneration process could be further optimized to reduce water requirements.Current barriers to implementation are the base cost of the adsorbent material and the fine powder form that would lead to back pressure on a large column. If mesoporous materials become more commonly used in other areas and the price drops from volume and process improvements, then our material would also lower in price because the amount of molybdenum needed is low and no additional processing is required. There may well be engineering solutions to the fine powder issue; in a simple concept experiment, we were able to pelletize our material with Boehmite, but lost performance due to a dramatic decrease in surface area.

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Section: Figure 1 Proposed Ge Solution For the Use Of Impaired Watermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For the proposal outlined above, we have focused almost exclusively on the silica removal portion since there was no low cost process for that. Today, there are still some lime softening approaches practiced 4,17,26,27 . Estimation for the Electrodialysis portion of the process using the DOE model would be $2.06/1000 gallons.…”

Section: Cost Scenariosmentioning

confidence: 99%