Control of Sexually Transmitted Diseases in Haiti: Results and Implications of a Baseline Study among Pregnant Women Living in Cite Soleil Shantytowns

Behets, Frieda; Desormeaux, Julio; Joseph, Dania; Adrien, M. L.; Coicou, Gessie; Dallabetta, Gina; Hamilton, Holli A.; Moeng, Stoffel; Davis, Homer; Cohen, Myron S.; Boulos, Reginald

doi:10.1093/infdis/172.3.764

Cited by 40 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…[16][17][18] The STD prevalence rate found in the rural Artibonite Valley is surprisingly close to the STD prevalence rate found in pregnant women in Cite Soleil, an urban slum of Port au Prince. 19 The prevalence rate of cervical infection was 12% in both areas; the prevalence rate of syphilis was 7% in rural Haiti versus 11% in urban Haiti. In rural Haiti, 40% of women had at least one STD compared with 47% in urban Haiti.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Economic hardship and sexually transmitted diseases in Haiti's rural Artibonite Valley.

Fitzgerald¹,

Behets

Caliendo

et al. 2000

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Abstract. A study was conducted to determine the prevalence rate and risk factors for sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) in Haiti's rural Artibonite Valley. Women attending antenatal services at Hospital Albert Schweitzer from October to December 1996 were tested for gonorrhea, chlamydia, trichomonas, syphilis, and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Of the 476 women tested, 121 (25.4%) had trichomonas, 11/475 (2.3%) had gonorrhea, 51/475 (10.7%) had chlamydia, 32/474 (6.8%) were seropositive for syphilis, 20/469 (4.3%) were seropositive for HIV, and 191 (40.1%) had at least one STD. Nearly 30% of the women reported having entered a sexual relationship out of economic necessity and had increased odds of HIV infection, Odds Ratio (OR) 6.3 (P Ͻ 0.001). We postulate that due to recent economic hardship in rural Haiti, women are entering into sexual relationships out of economic necessity and that this trend is contributing to the growing HIV epidemic. We recommend STD prevention and development programs that target young people and economically disadvantaged women.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Economic hardship and sexually transmitted diseases in Haiti's rural Artibonite Valley.

Fitzgerald¹,

Behets

Caliendo

et al. 2000

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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“…Indeed, previous studies have shown that the prevalence of STDs among women of lower economic status reaches 40.1-47%. 12,13 The low number of males presenting with STDs might be explained by economic limitations (e.g., difficulty in obtaining a day off work for visiting the clinic), cultural issues, and also, some overdiagnosis of STDs in females.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Infectious Diseases Seen in a Primary Care Clinic in Leogane, Haiti

Neuberger

Tenenboim²,

Golos³

et al. 2012

The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Abstract. All diseases diagnosed in a primary healthcare clinic situated in Leogane, Haiti, were recorded prospectively during a 7-month period. Among the patients in this cohort, 2,821 of 6,631 (42.6%) presented with an infectious disease. The three most common syndromes among the patients presenting with infections were respiratory tract infections (33.5%), suspected sexually transmitted diseases-mostly among females with recurrent disease (18.1%)-and skin and soft tissue infections, including multiple cases of tinea capitis (12.8%). Of the 255 patients presenting with undifferentiated fever, 76 (29.8%) were diagnosed with falciparum malaria. Other vector-borne diseases included 13 cases of filariasis and 6 cases of dengue fever. Human immunodeficiency virus infection was diagnosed in 19 patients. Four cases of mumps were detected among unimmunized children. A large proportion of these infections are preventable. Concerted efforts should be made to create large-scale preventive medicine programs for various infectious diseases.

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“…The questionnaires were based on prior literature that documented risk factors for STDs in Haiti. 22,23 In addition to laboratory diagnosis of chlamydia and gonorrhea, HIV status was determined using the ELISA test. A more detailed description of the methods for this study of STDs is provided by Smith Fawzi et al 24 …”

Section: Study Population Design and Data Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Economic Risk Factors for HIV Infection Among Women in Rural Haiti: Implications for HIV Prevention Policies and Programs in Resource-Poor Settings

Fawzi

Lambert²,

Boehm³

et al. 2010

Journal of Women's Health

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Aims: The goals of this study were to (1) estimate the prevalence of HIV infection among women accessing services at a women's health center in rural Haiti and (2) to identify economic risk factors for HIV infection in this population. Methods: Women who accessed healthcare services at this center between June 1999 and December 2002 were recruited to participate. The analysis was based on data from a case-control study of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) in rural Haiti. HIV prevalence in the study population was 4%. Results: In multivariate analyses, partner occupation was associated with HIV infection in women, with mechanic (OR 9.0, 95% CI 1.8-45) and market vendor (OR 4.2, 95% CI 1.6-11) reflecting the strongest partner occupational risk factors. Partner's occupation as a farmer reduced the risk of infection in women by 60% (95% CI 0.14-1.1). Factors indicating low socioeconomic status (SES), such as food insecurity (OR 2.0, 95% CI 0.75-5.6) and using charcoal for cooking (OR 1.7, 95% CI 0.72-3.8) suggested an association with HIV infection. Conclusions: Given pervasive gender inequality in Haiti, women's economic security often relies on their partners' income earning activities. Our findings show that although factors reflecting poverty are associated with HIV-positive status, stronger associations are observed for women whose partners indicated a more secure occupation (e.g., mechanic or market vendor). Policies and programs that expand access to education and economic opportunities for women and girls may have long-term implications for HIV prevention in Haiti and other resource-poor settings.

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Control of Sexually Transmitted Diseases in Haiti: Results and Implications of a Baseline Study among Pregnant Women Living in Cite Soleil Shantytowns

Cited by 40 publications

References 11 publications

Economic hardship and sexually transmitted diseases in Haiti's rural Artibonite Valley.

Economic hardship and sexually transmitted diseases in Haiti's rural Artibonite Valley.

Infectious Diseases Seen in a Primary Care Clinic in Leogane, Haiti

Economic Risk Factors for HIV Infection Among Women in Rural Haiti: Implications for HIV Prevention Policies and Programs in Resource-Poor Settings

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