Control of Radiative Processes Using Tunable Plasmonic Nanopatch Antennas

Rose, Alec; Hoang, Thang B.; McGuire, Felicia; Mock, Jack J.; Ciracì, Cristian; Smith, David R.; Mikkelsen, Maiken H.

doi:10.1021/nl501976f

Cited by 206 publications

(244 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…These efficient interactions with visible light are due to localized surface plasmon resonances (LSPRs), the collective oscillation of conduction electrons (1). Hierarchical arrangements of plasmonic nanoparticles have become the basis for colorimetric sensors (2,3), subdiffraction limited waveguides (4), visible light metamaterials (5), and nanoscale lasing devices (6,7), and the ability to adjust architecture in such materials has led to a wide variety of structures with tunable and unusual optical properties (8)(9)(10)(11)(12). Many of these technologies leverage the scalability and modularity of bottom-up assembly techniques, which use chemically synthesized colloidal nanoparticles as building blocks (13,14).…”

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confidence: 99%

Defect tolerance and the effect of structural inhomogeneity in plasmonic DNA-nanoparticle superlattices

Ross

Blaber

et al. 2015

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Bottom-up assemblies of plasmonic nanoparticles exhibit unique optical effects such as tunable reflection, optical cavity modes, and tunable photonic resonances. Here, we compare detailed simulations with experiment to explore the effect of structural inhomogeneity on the optical response in DNA-gold nanoparticle superlattices. In particular, we explore the effect of background environment, nanoparticle polydispersity (>10%), and variation in nanoparticle placement (∼5%). At volume fractions less than 20% Au, the optical response is insensitive to particle size, defects, and inhomogeneity in the superlattice. At elevated volume fractions (20% and 25%), structures incorporating different sized nanoparticles (10-, 20-, and 40-nm diameter) each exhibit distinct far-field extinction and near-field properties. These optical properties are most pronounced in lattices with larger particles, which at fixed volume fraction have greater plasmonic coupling than those with smaller particles. Moreover, the incorporation of experimentally informed inhomogeneity leads to variation in far-field extinction and inconsistent electric-field intensities throughout the lattice, demonstrating that volume fraction is not sufficient to describe the optical properties of such structures. These data have important implications for understanding the role of particle and lattice inhomogeneity in determining the properties of plasmonic nanoparticle lattices with deliberately designed optical properties.T he rational arrangement of nanoparticles in multiple dimensions is a promising means for creating materials with novel properties not found in nature. Noble metal nanoparticles are interesting material building blocks due to their ability to amplify local fields by orders of magnitude and scatter light well below the diffraction limit. These efficient interactions with visible light are due to localized surface plasmon resonances (LSPRs), the collective oscillation of conduction electrons (1). Hierarchical arrangements of plasmonic nanoparticles have become the basis for colorimetric sensors (2, 3), subdiffraction limited waveguides (4), visible light metamaterials (5), and nanoscale lasing devices (6, 7), and the ability to adjust architecture in such materials has led to a wide variety of structures with tunable and unusual optical properties (8-12). Many of these technologies leverage the scalability and modularity of bottom-up assembly techniques, which use chemically synthesized colloidal nanoparticles as building blocks (13,14). Unfortunately, all nanoparticle assembly techniques result in materials with structural defects across multiple length scales, including imprecise particle placement, grain boundaries, and variation in crystallite size. In addition, the nanoparticles used in these systems are inherently inhomogeneous: varying in size, shape, and radius of curvature. Although the effects of inhomogeneity have been investigated at the individual nanoparticle level (15, 16), the effects of inhomogeneity on plasmonic assemblies are...

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confidence: 99%

Defect tolerance and the effect of structural inhomogeneity in plasmonic DNA-nanoparticle superlattices

Ross

Blaber

et al. 2015

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…13), and 30 000-fold photoluminescence enhancements. 14 However, typically in order to modify the plasmon resonance, and thus the operating wavelength, the physical dimensions of the nanostructures have to be changed. To enable real-time reconfigurable optoelectronic and sensing applications, there has been a long quest for dynamically tunable plasmonic structures, and a variety of approaches have been explored.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…This structure supports a transmission line mode and highly enhanced electric fields in the gap region up to a 100-fold for the fundamental mode centered at 646 nm. 14,28 Figure 1(a) shows the simulated near-field pattern for a 75 nm film-coupled nanocube revealing large field enhancements in the gap region. For these finite-element COMSOL simulations, an incident plane wave impinged at an angle of 67 (from normal axis) onto the nanocubes is used with an excitation wavelength of 535 nm.…”

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Broad electrical tuning of plasmonic nanoantennas at visible frequencies

Hoang

Mikkelsen

2016

Applied Physics Letters

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We report an experimental demonstration of electrical tuning of plasmon resonances of optical nanopatch antennas over a wide wavelength range. The antennas consist of silver nanocubes separated from a gold film by a thin 8 nm polyelectrolyte spacer layer. By using ionic liquid and indium tin oxide coated glass as a top electrode, we demonstrate dynamic and reversible tuning of the plasmon resonance over 100 nm in the visible wavelength range using low applied voltages between −3.0 V and 2.8 V. The electrical potential is applied across the nanoscale gap causing changes in the gap thickness and dielectric environment which, in turn, modifies the plasmon resonance. The observed tuning range is greater than the full-width-at-half-maximum of the plasmon resonance, resulting in a tuning figure of merit of 1.05 and a tuning contrast greater than 50%. Our results provide an avenue to create active and reconfigurable integrated nanophotonic components for applications in optoelectronics and sensing.

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“…The quantum efficiency of the emitter in free space is q 0 = 0.2, which is the value of experimentally commonly used fluorophores (e.g. Cy5) [22]. We consider first a fiber of radius R = 120nm such that the single-mode condition [23] …”

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Enhancement of radiative processes in nanofibers with embedded plasmonic nanoparticles

et al. 2016

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Efficient manipulation and long distance transport of single-photons is a key component in nanoscale quantum optics. In this letter, we study the emission properties of an individual light emitter placed into a nanofiber and coupled to a metallic nanoparticle. We find that plasmonic field enhancement together with the nanofiber optical confinement uniquely and synergistically contribute to an overall increase of emission rates as well as quantum yields.Being able to transport single-photons over long distances is a primary requirement towards integrated quantum technology. A nanoscale control of the emission, coupling and transport of single-photons could greatly extend the reach of quantum cryptography [1] and enable quantum information [2] and computing applications [3]. It has been shown recently that suitably engineered plasmonic systems can drastically increase decay rates as well as emission directionality and far-field coupling [4,5].The sub-wavelength nature of plasmonic modes allows, in fact, an efficient coupling between quantum emitters and photonic modes, although strong ohmic losses in plasmonic waveguides limit their use in most of practical scenarios. On the other hand, dielectric waveguides allow lossless propagation but they suffer from coupling efficiency. Near-field coupling is fundamentally upper bounded to about a 30% in silica nanofibers [6][7][8]. An efficient configuration would require the emitter to be placed inside the fiber. Although this is a quite challenging approach, Gaio and co-authors [9] have recently reported a broadband single-photon generation and transport from isolated quantum dots embedded in the core of free-standing and sub-wavelength polymer nanofibers. These nanostructures are made of a polymer matrix which is processed from solution in order to realize elongated filaments. Depending on the production method, the resulting system can be an organic or hybrid organic-inorganic nanorod with length in the range of a few to tens of micrometers, or a continuous spun nanofiber [10][11][12]. Technologies used in this field include self-assembly assisted by polymer deposition through poor solvents, polymerization methods, nanofluidics, and, notably, electrospinning which is the most promising in terms of amount of produced nanomaterials, low cost, and operational convenience [13]. The electrospinning is based on the application of an intense electric field to a solution with sufficient amount of polymer entanglements, and allows for realizing continuous nanofibers whose transversal size well-matches near-UV, visible, or near-IR wavelengths. Furthermore, nanoparticles of virtually any composition [14] as well as lightemitting dopants can be added to the spun solutions thus being transferred to the resulting nanofibers and leading to hybrid photonic systems. Metallic inclusions inside these polymeric fibers are especially interesting in this respect. For instance, Au nanorods in poly(vinyl alcohol) nanofibers have been proposed as building blocks of flexible substrates for surfa...

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Control of Radiative Processes Using Tunable Plasmonic Nanopatch Antennas

Cited by 206 publications

References 32 publications

Defect tolerance and the effect of structural inhomogeneity in plasmonic DNA-nanoparticle superlattices

Defect tolerance and the effect of structural inhomogeneity in plasmonic DNA-nanoparticle superlattices

Broad electrical tuning of plasmonic nanoantennas at visible frequencies

Enhancement of radiative processes in nanofibers with embedded plasmonic nanoparticles

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