Control of Production of Toxic-Shock-Syndrome Toxin-1 (TSST-1) by Magnesium Ion

Mills, Joan T.; Parsonnet, Jeffrey; Tsai, Ying-Chuech; Kendrick, Mary I.; Hickman, Robert K.; Kass, Edward H.

doi:10.1093/infdis/151.6.1158

Cited by 60 publications

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“…We have examined the effect of Mg++ concentration on specific toxin during aerobic and anaerobic growth in batch culture in CDM. Our results in aerobic conditions are consistent with those of Mills et al (1985). Even though we determined that the optimum Mg + + concentration was two-fold higher than that reported by Mills et al (1985), a similar effect of Mg++ on TSST-1 synthesis was observed.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Our results in aerobic conditions are consistent with those of Mills et al (1985). Even though we determined that the optimum Mg + + concentration was two-fold higher than that reported by Mills et al (1985), a similar effect of Mg++ on TSST-1 synthesis was observed. Mills et al (1985) omitted iron and manganese from their chemically defined medium.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Even though we determined that the optimum Mg + + concentration was two-fold higher than that reported by Mills et al (1985), a similar effect of Mg++ on TSST-1 synthesis was observed. Mills et al (1985) omitted iron and manganese from their chemically defined medium. Both of these cations were present in CDM and this may account for the differences between our f i n d i n g s d those of Mills et al (1985).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 68%

“…Mills et al (1985) reported that the aerobic synthesis of TSST-1 was controlled by the concentration of Mg+ + , and that the greatest concentration of TSST-1 was observed when the concentration of Mg' + was low. Schlievert (1985), was unable to confirm this observation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although the pathogenesis of TSS remains unclear, it is often associated with strains of Staphylococcus aureus capable of producing toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 (TSST-l), and an illness very similar to TSS has been described in some animal models (Scott et al, 1983;Ark0 et al, 1984;Reeves et al, 1984;Crass and Bergdoll, 1986). Factors affecting TSST-1 synthesis have been the subject of few studies and are still largely unknown (Schlievert and Blomster, 1983;Mills et al, 1985;Schlievert, 1985). All previous investigations have used staphylococci grown in batch culture which has several disadvantages.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Environmental factors affecting toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 (TSST-1) synthesis

Sarafian¹,

Morse

1987

Journal of Medical Microbiology

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Summary. The production of toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 (TSST-1) was studied in batch and continuous culture of Staphylococcus aureus strain 1 169 in a carbohydratefree chemically defined medium (CDM). In continuous culture oxygen-and argininelimitation were required for steady-state TSST-1 synthesis. Aeration suppressed toxin synthesis. The amount of TSST-1 per mg dry weight (specific toxin) at dilution rates from 0.05 to 0.15 h-was inversely proportional to the dilution rate. Protease activity increased with increasing dilution rates. In batch culture, TSST-1 began to accumulate in the medium towards the end of the exponential phase of growth, after a critical cell mass was attained. Maximum specific toxin production was observed in medium with an initial pH between 6.5 and 7.0. Growth and toxin synthesis took place in anaerobic conditions when CDM was supplemented with pyruvate and uracil. The Mg++ concentration had no effect on the specific toxin in anaerobic conditions. In aerobic conditions, specific toxin increased c. 23-fold as the Mg

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 68%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Environmental factors affecting toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 (TSST-1) synthesis

Sarafian¹,

Morse

1987

Journal of Medical Microbiology

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Toxic Shock Syndrome Associated With Use of Latex Nasal Packing

Allen

Liland²,

Nichols³

et al. 1990

Arch Intern Med

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The Relationship of Tampon Characteristics to Menstrual Toxic Shock Syndrome

Berkley¹,

Hightower²,

Broome³

et al. 1987

JAMA

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The pathogenic basis for the association of tampons with toxic shock syndrome (TSS) has not been explained adequately. Absorbency and chemical composition of tampons are related, and no prior study has had a sufficient number of cases to evaluate these independently as risk factors for disease. We compared national TSS passive surveillance data on the 285 tampon-associated menstrual cases of TSS reported from 1983 to 1984 with data on age- and year-matched controls from national surveys of tampon usage. Users of all brands of tampons had elevated risks when compared with non-tampon users (odds ratio, 32.8; 95% confidence interval, 15.5, 69.6). Regardless of the chemical composition of the tampon, increasing absorbency increased the odds ratio for TSS. Chemical composition also influenced odds ratios. Polyacrylate-containing tampons had odds ratios that were elevated but, once controlled for absorbency, that were lower than the odds ratios for cotton, rayon, and cotton/rayon tampons. The strong association of absorbency with risk of illness would suggest that as a public health measure the use of a low-absorbency tampon is likely to reduce the risk of TSS in the user.

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Control of Production of Toxic-Shock-Syndrome Toxin-1 (TSST-1) by Magnesium Ion

Cited by 60 publications

References 0 publications

Environmental factors affecting toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 (TSST-1) synthesis

Environmental factors affecting toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 (TSST-1) synthesis

Toxic Shock Syndrome Associated With Use of Latex Nasal Packing

The Relationship of Tampon Characteristics to Menstrual Toxic Shock Syndrome

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