Control of Power Converters in<scp>ac</scp>and<scp>dc</scp>Microgrids

Dragičević, Tomislav; Meng, Lexuan; Blaabjerg, Frede; Li, YunWei

doi:10.1002/047134608x.w8389

Cited by 9 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 73 publications

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“…In IS operation, these power converters are accountable for maintaining reference voltage and frequency in the case of AC sub-grid and reference voltage in the case of DC sub-grid. In GC operation, these power converters adjust the active power ( in case of DC sub-grid) and active & reactive power (in case of AC sub-grid) to keepup the state of charge (SoC) of the ESS units and, at times, to enhance the voltage profile (in case of DC sub-grid) and power quality (in case of AC sub-grid) [23]. Therefore, these converters considered as a current-controlled voltage source consisting of low impedance in series [24][25].…”

Section: Grid-forming Power Convertermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These converters continuously follow the grid reference voltage and frequency in the case of AC sub-grid and inject active and reactive power to achieve unity power factor. In the same way, in the case of DC sub-grid, it injects current or power into the grid while following the grid reference voltage [23]. Though these converters follow the grid reference values, so this type of converters are treated as a controlled current source consisting of high impedance in parallel.…”

Section: Grid Following Power Convertermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sometimes the grid-forming power converters are failed to maintain the pre-assigned voltage and frequency in the subgrids due to limited reserve capacity of power to be delivered or absorbed by the ESS units. So, some additional dispatchable DGs or ESS units used to support the grid forming converters to retain the assigned voltage and frequency (in case of AC sub-grid) and assigned voltage (in case of DC sub-grid) [23] in IS mode. These converters are considered equivalent to a controlled voltage source/current source associated with a low/high impedance in series/parallel, respectively [24][25].…”

Section: Grid-supporting Power Convertermentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Comprehensive Review on Power Converters Control and Control Strategies of AC/DC Microgrid

Ansari¹,

Chandel²,

Tariq

2021

IEEE Access

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Owing to the smart lifestyle, environmental consciousness, and dwindling fossil fuel supplies, there is a huge demand for clean and green energy. Microgrid (MG) is a crucial approach to renewable and clean energy. Because of the success of the AC utility grid and the growing demand for critical loads, it is very convenient to provide AC/DC MG that can easily satisfy both the alternating current (AC) MG and the direct current (DC) MG requirements. Due to uncertainty in load variations, main grid failures, intermittent power generations from renewable energy sources (RESs), the synchronization and interconnection of different power converters are the paramount issues in the control of AC/DC MG. This paper presents an overview-oriented state of the art in the recent advancement in control strategies of AC/DC MG and its associated power converters control. Based on recent research, this paper summarizes unobstructed views on different topologies, types of power converters, power converter controls, and control strategies of AC/DC MG. Finally, it identified some future challenges that need to be addressed in order to develop a sustainable and reliable control strategy for AC/DC MG. This paper will serve as a guide for researchers. INDEX TERMS Distributed generation, Microgrids, AC/DC Microgrid, Centralized control, Decentralized control I. INTRODUCTION MGs compromise different RESs, i.e., PV cells, windmills, energy-storing systems (ESS), diesel generator sets, and small hydropower plants, as discussed in the [1,2]. With the advancements in power semiconductor devices, the integration of RESs with leading utility or MG becomes so more accessible. Based on the adopted topology, there are three types of MGs, classified as DC MG, AC MG, and AC/DC MG or hybrid MG [3]. The DC MGs are preferred to supply critical loads like computers, operation theatres, and billing counters. Whereas the AC MGs are preferred in supplying all loads during off-grid or on-grid. The AC/DC MG possesses the characteristics of both DC MG and AC MG. Since begin, in these types of MGs, the power converters are connected in parallel with the MG bus-bar and belong to the parallel topology of MG. Recently a seriescascaded MG topology is being investigated. Inam Ullah Nutkani and et al. in [4] has presented a series-cascaded AC MG topology to integrate the non-dispatchable RESs to the MG and offered its advantages and disadvantages over the parallel topology. Fig.1 shows the different topological advances of MGs.

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Section: Grid-forming Power Convertermentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Grid Following Power Convertermentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Grid-supporting Power Convertermentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Comprehensive Review on Power Converters Control and Control Strategies of AC/DC Microgrid

Ansari¹,

Chandel²,

Tariq

2021

IEEE Access

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“…Nowadays DC MGs are pervasive in many areas such as university campus, malls, industrial applications etc. A hybrid MG takes advantage of both AC and DC power systems and it is recognized as a promising possibility in the near future [5]- [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nonlinear Stability Analysis of DC-DC Power Electronic Systems by Means of Switching Equivalent Models

et al. 2021

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The proliferation of renewable energy sources is promoting the use of dc-dc power electronic converters in power distribution systems. It is well-known that the interconnection of power electronic converters can be a source of instabilities. Traditionally, impedance-based stability analyses are performed using either the analytical description or the identification of the output impedance of the source converter and the input admittance of the load converter. However, this methodology is restricted by the small-signal conditions, which are usually violated in this kind of systems due to the high variability imposed by the renewable energy sources. In nonlinear systems, the stability analysis usually consists on the definition of the region of attraction around a stable equilibrium point. In the literature, the analysis of nonlinear systems is almost exclusively applied to analytical systems, where all the details are known. This paper proposes a black-box methodology to obtain the region of attraction of the equilibrium point of commercial off-theshelf dc-dc converters working in power distribution systems. First, optimization algorithms are used to identify the parameters of a predefined structure, such that it is able to reproduce the dynamic behavior of the system. The parameters identified can be used to create a switching equivalent model that accounts for the nonlinearities produced by the switching process of the converters. Second, the bisection method is implemented to minimize the number of simulations needed to determine the region of stability accurately. The proposed methodology has been validated both with simulations and with an experimental setup.

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“…The system can accumulate excess energy into battery packs and feed the stored energy from battery packs back into the utility grid whenever needed by handling power convertors. The change in the electric power from a form to another form of DC/DC, DC/AC and AC/DC converters occurs while the reliability, flexibility, stability, efficiency and power quality ought to be still secured [3,4,9,10]. Of all AC/DC converters, the totem-pole boost-type PFC rectifier has been a promising candidate for ESS applications thanks to superior benefits of bidirectional energy flow capability, high flexibility in control and the least device number [11,12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and Implementation of a Control Method for GaN-based Totem-Pole Boost-type PFC Rectifier in Energy Storage Systems

Do¹,

Huang²,

Nguyen³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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With the unceasing advancement in wide-bandgap (WBG) semiconductor technology, the minimal reverse-recovery charge Qrr and other more powerful natures of WBG transistors enable totem-pole bridgeless PFC to become a dominant solution for energy storage systems (ESS). This paper focuses on design and implementation of a control structure for a totem-pole boost PFC with newfangled enhancement-mode Gallium Nitride (eGaN) FETs, not only to simplify the control implementation, but also to achieve high power quality and efficiency. The converter is designed to convert a 90-264-VAC input to a 385-VDC output for a 2.6-kW output power. Lastly, to validate the methodology, an experimental prototype is characterized and fabricated. The uttermost efficiency at 230 VAC attains 99.14%. The lowest total harmonic distortion in the current (ITHD) at high line condition (230 V) reaches 1.52% while the power factor gains 0.9985.

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Control of Power Converters inacanddcMicrogrids

Cited by 9 publications

References 73 publications

A Comprehensive Review on Power Converters Control and Control Strategies of AC/DC Microgrid

A Comprehensive Review on Power Converters Control and Control Strategies of AC/DC Microgrid

Nonlinear Stability Analysis of DC-DC Power Electronic Systems by Means of Switching Equivalent Models

Design and Implementation of a Control Method for GaN-based Totem-Pole Boost-type PFC Rectifier in Energy Storage Systems

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