Control of PCDD and PCDF formation in fluidized bed incinerators

Simultaneous HCl/SO2 Capture by Calcined Limestone from Hot Gases

“…Calcium-based sorbents have been considered to be one of the most promising classes of sorbents mainly due to the advantages of being abundantly available, inexpensive, and above all, suitable for high-temperature operation. Also, the addition of calcium-based sorbents into the FBC has a beneficial effect on the reduction of dioxin compounds, as has been demonstrated in previous investigations. − It is a general experience that the temperature is a major factor affecting the sorbent utilization for high-temperature acid gas control. On the other hand, it is also necessary to consider how a change in the flue gas composition might affect the sorbent reactivities because the gas atmosphere plays an important role during the absorption process. − In the typical temperature range for FBC operation, lime and limestone can also provide efficient retention of SO 2 and HCl despite having different temperature regimes.…”

The formation of dioxins in combustion systems

“…Any influence of a chlorine supply from the gas phase is therefore eliminated. However, it has frequently been demonstrated, e.g., [86], that gas-phase chlorine (reported as HCl) has a significant influence on rate.…”

“…The concentration of added Cl 2 was a less significant variable, but this result may reflect the envelope of experimental conditions chosen. During 24 h tests in an operating MSW incinerator, HCl concentration was controlled by adding dolomite to the feed [86]. A linear relation between the amounts of PCDD and PCDF formed and the concentration of HCl was reported.…”

Effects of calcium-based sorbents on PCDD/F formation from pentachlorophenol combustion process

“…When adding 158 kg dolomite/t-waste, PCDD/F emission decreased by 94% below emission standard. When adding CaCO 3 or Mg(OH) 2 , PCDD/F emission increased remarkably [24,25].…”