Control of Particle Size and Shape of ε-HNIW in Drowning-Out Crystallization

Jiang, Xingan; Guo, Xueyong; Ren, Hui; Zhu, Yanli; Jiao, Qingze

doi:10.1252/jcej.11we251

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…[21] reports. The nano-CL-20 samples exhibit different XRD patterns, and it was found that the patterns exhibit a strong diffraction peak at 13.6 ∘ , 28.2 ∘ , and 24.1 ∘ , which corresponded to the (111), (212), and (132) crystal faces 2 of phase form (JCPDS 52-2432), demonstrating that the obtained crystal structure of nano-CL-20 was phase [22]. This process obeys Ostwald's ruler [23] of stages.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation of CL-20 Explosive Nanoparticles and Their Thermal Decomposition Property

Wang

Gao

Yang

et al. 2016

Journal of Nanomaterials

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Herein, we develop a novel method for preparing nanohexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane (nano-CL-20) via ultrasonic spray-assisted electrostatic adsorption (USEA) technology. Various experimental conditions which influence safety factors and the crystallization process were studied. Meanwhile, the prepared nano-CL-20 particles were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. The results show that the obtained nano-CL-20 showed a wide size distribution in the range from 150 to 600 nm with an average of 270 nm. Moreover, their thermal properties were also investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetry (TG). For nano-CL-20, the exothermal peak is 232.9°C increased by 12°C compared with conventionally manufactured (CM) CL-20, and they exhibit fast energy release efficiency as well as more energy release. The simple and continuous approach presented here is expected to be an attractive potential for fabricating other organic nanoparticles.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation of CL-20 Explosive Nanoparticles and Their Thermal Decomposition Property

Wang

Gao

Yang

et al. 2016

Journal of Nanomaterials

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“…Details of the preparation procedures can be found elsewhere [13]. The average crystal size of the products was 80 µm and the polymorph was confirmed to be ε-HNIW by the results of a field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM, Hitachi S-4700, Japan) and X-ray diffraction (XRD, Bruker D4, Cu Kα).…”

Section: Materials and Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal Decomposition Kinetics of Hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane/Ammonium Perchlorate

Zhu

Wang

Shan

et al. 2016

Cent. Eur. J. Energ. Mater.

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Abstract:The thermal decomposition kinetics of hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane/ ammonium perchlorate (HNIW/AP) have been investigated by thermogravimetrydifferential scanning calorimetry-mass spectrometry (TG-DSC-MS) simultaneous analysis. TG showed that there were three weight loss processes for the thermal decomposition of the HNIW/AP mixture. The first was ascribed mainly to the thermal decomposition of HNIW, while the second and third were assigned to that of AP. The presence of AP has little effect on the thermal decomposition process of the HNIW component. The apparent activation energy of the thermal decomposition of the HNIW component, calculated by the Kissinger method, was little changed compared to that of neat HNIW. The addition of HNIW to AP caused the onset and end temperatures of the thermal decomposition to be decreased and the decomposition process to be shortened. The high-temperature and lowtemperature decomposition processes of AP became blurred in the presence of HNIW, and this was supported by the MS results.

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“…The HNIW sample, used here, was obtained by the recrystallization of raw HNIW, using ethyl acetate as solvent and petroleum ether as anti-solvent. The details about the preparation procedures can be found elsewhere [16,17]. The average size of the recrystallized product was 80 μm (Fig.…”

Section: Materials and Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fig. 5 represents the mass spectra of the gaseous products from HNIW decomposition, which shows the m/z 14,16,17,18,26,27,28,29,30,32,43,44,45,46 and 52 were detected. The onset, peak and end temperatures for the main ion numbers and the possible assignments are summarized in Table 2.…”

Section: Ms-ftir Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinetics of thermal decomposition of ε-hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane by TG-DSC-MS-FTIR

Zhu

Shan

Xiao

et al. 2015

Korean J. Chem. Eng.

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Thermal decomposition of ε-hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane (HNIW) was studied by thermogravimetrydifferential scanning calorimetry-mass spectrometry-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (TG-DSC-MS-FTIR) simultaneous analysis. It has been shown that there is a crystal transition point for ε-HNIW, and only a single decomposition process has been observed for HNIW. The kinetic parameters of thermal decomposition of HNIW were obtained by Kissinger and Flynn-Wall-Ozawa methods, indicating that HNIW has the higher reactivity compared to the other nitramines. The HNIW decomposition mechanism demonstrated by the non-isothermal kinetics conformed to Avrami-Erofeev equation with the factor of nucleus growth of n=1/3 and the conversion degree of α from 0.1 to 0.7. The MS and FTIR analyses indicated that the thermal decomposition of HNIW favors N-N bond cleavage over C-N bond cleavage as the rate determining step.

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Control of Particle Size and Shape of ε-HNIW in Drowning-Out Crystallization

Cited by 6 publications

References 9 publications

Preparation of CL-20 Explosive Nanoparticles and Their Thermal Decomposition Property

Preparation of CL-20 Explosive Nanoparticles and Their Thermal Decomposition Property

Thermal Decomposition Kinetics of Hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane/Ammonium Perchlorate

Kinetics of thermal decomposition of ε-hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane by TG-DSC-MS-FTIR

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