Control of Organic Matter by Coagulation and Floc Separation

Rebhun, M.; Lurie, M.

doi:10.2166/wst.1993.0260

Cited by 160 publications

(88 citation statements)

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“…Natural organic matter (NOM) and EDCs or PPCPs may adsorb to particles in water and metal hydroxide particles formed during coagulation. Furthermore, chemical precipitation can remove moderately hydrophobic organic contaminants that have a strong affinity for adsorbed NOM (Rebhun and Lurie, 1993). However, very little is known about the association of EDCs or PPCPs to particles present in water treatment systems.…”

Section: Chemical Precipitation Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmaceuticals, Personal Care Products, and Endocrine Disruptors in Water: Implications for the Water Industry

Snyder¹,

Westerhoff²,

Yoon³

et al. 2003

Environmental Engineering Science

798

371

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For over 70 years, scientists have reported that certain synthetic and natural compounds could mimic natural hormones in the endocrine systems of animals. These substances are now collectively known as endocrine-disrupting compounds (EDCs), and have been linked to a variety of adverse effects in both humans and wildlife. More recently, pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) have been discovered in various surface and ground waters, some of which have been linked to ecological impacts at trace concentrations. The majority of EDCs and PPCPs are more polar than traditional contaminants and several have acidic or basic functional groups. These properties, coupled with occurrence at trace levels (i.e., ,1 mg/L), create unique challenges for both removal processes and analytical detection. Reports of EDCs and PPCPs in water have raised substantial concern among the public and regulatory agencies; however, very little is known about the fate of these compounds during drinking and wastewater treatment. Numerous studies have shown that conventional drinking and wastewater treatment plants can not completely remove many EDCs and PPCPs. Oxidation with chlorine and ozone can result in transformation of some compounds with reactive functional groups under the conditions employed in water and wastewater treatment plants. Advanced treatment technologies, such as activated carbon and reverse osmosis, appear viable for the removal of many trace contaminants including EDCs and PPCPs. Future research needs include more detailed fate and transport data, standardized analytical methodology, predictive models, removal kinetics, and determination of the toxicological relevance of trace levels of EDCs and PPCPs in water.Key words: endocrine disruptor; pharmaceutical; drinking water; wastewater; treatment; review 449 ENDOCRINE DISRUPTING COMPOUNDS P ERHAPS THE MOST DIFFICULT PART of understanding the subject of endocrine disruption involves a definition of the term. The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has defined environmental endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs) as exogenous agents that interfere with the "synthesis, secretion, transport, binding, action, or elimi- nation of natural hormones in the body that are responsible for the maintenance of homeostasis, reproduction, development, and/or behavior" (EPA, 1997). However, definitions and opinions on what defines an EDC vary greatly. It is generally accepted that the three major classes of endocrine disruption endpoints are estrogenic (compounds that mimic or block natural estrogen), androgenic (compounds that mimic or block natural testosterone), and thyroidal (compounds with direct or indirect impacts to the thyroid). As we will illustrate, the majority of research thus far has focused only on estrogenic compounds; however, disruption of androgen and thyroid function may be of greater or equal importance biologically.Although the topic of endocrine disruption is considered an "emerging issue" in the water industry, scientists have known about the ability o...

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Section: Chemical Precipitation Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmaceuticals, Personal Care Products, and Endocrine Disruptors in Water: Implications for the Water Industry

Snyder¹,

Westerhoff²,

Yoon³

et al. 2003

Environmental Engineering Science

798

371

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In water and wastewater treatment processes, the aim is to remove impurities from water in the form of solid particles. Once the solid particles are produced, they may be separated from water using sedimentation, flotation, filtration and thickening techniques (Rebhun and Lurie, 1993). The physical characteristics of the floc are therefore fundamental in determining their removal efficiency.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measuring Floc Structural Characteristics

Jarvis

Jefferson

Parsons

2005

Rev Environ Sci Biotechnol

104

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“…Bu yöntem; yağ içeren atıksular, ağır metal içeren endüstriyel atıksular, deponi alanı sızıntı sularından organik madde giderimi, askıda katı içeren atıksular, çok ince partiküllerin ayrılması, fenolik bileşiklerin geri kazanımı, lignin, ETDA ve poliaromatik organik kirleticileri içeren ayrışmaya dirençli organik kirleticilerin giderimi, gıda-proteinmaya-restoran atıksularının giderimi, içme sularından flor giderimi, nitrat ve arsenik içeren atıksuların arıtımında başarıyla kullanılmaktadır [18][19][20]. [26]. …”

Section: Elektrokoagülasyon (Ec) Mekanizmasıunclassified

The Investigation of the Removal of Reactive Orange 16 DYE From Textile Wastewater by Using Electrocoagulation Process

Karagözoğlu¹,

Malkoç²

2017

Cumhuriyet Science Journal

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Özet: Bu çalışmada tekstil atıksularının Al ve Fe elektrotları kullanılarak elektrokoagülasyon ile arıtımı amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmada elektrokoagülasyon ile Remazol Brilliant Orange 3R Spec Gran (Reactive Orange 16) reaktif tekstil boyası çözeltilerinden, renk, kimyasal oksijen ihtiyacı (KOI) ve bulanıklık giderimi incelenmiştir. Bu amaçla monopolar paralel bağlı alüminyum ve demir elektrotların kullanıldığı bir elektrokimyasal reaktörde, pH, akım yoğunluğu, iletkenlik ve işletme süresinin, proses performansı üzerine etkileri araştırılmıştır. Ayrıca enerji ve elektrot tüketimine bağlı olarak işletme maliyeti hesaplanmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda, alüminyum elektrot ile elektrokoagülasyon prosesinde optimum şartlar; pH:6, akım yoğunluğu 100A/m 2 , iletkenlik 500 µS/cm ve işletme süresi 20 dakika olarak belirlenmiştir. Bu şartlarda %79,5 renk, %60,2 KOİ ve %91,9 bulanıklık giderme verimi elde edilmiştir. Demir elektrot için optimum deney şartları ise; pH:8, akım yoğunluğu 75 A/m 2 , iletkenlik 1000 µS/cm ve işletme süresi 20 dakika olarak belirlenmiş, bu şartlarda %99,07 renk, %42,26 KOİ ve %91,89 bulanıklık giderme verimi elde edilmiştir. Alüminyum ve demir elektrotlar için işletme maliyeti sırasıyla 1,489 $/m 3 ve 0,504 $/m 3 olarak hesaplanmıştır.Anahtar Kelimeler: Elektrokoagülasyon, elektrot, reaktif tekstil boyası, KOI, bulanıklık The Investigation of the Removal of Reactive Orange 16 DYE From Textile Wastewater by Using Electrocoagulation ProcessAbstract: Treatment of textile wastewater by electrocoagulation using Al and Fe electrodes was aimed in this study. Removal of color, chemical oxygen demand (COD) and turbidity from Remazol Brilliant Orange 3R Spec Gran (Reactive Orange 16) reactive textile dyestuff solutions was investigated in the study. For this purpose, effects of pH, current density, conductivity and operating time on process performance have been researched in an electrochemical reactor in which parallel connected monopolar aluminum and iron electrodes were used. Furthermore, operating costs depending on energy and electrode consumption were calculated. Optimum conditions for electrocoagulation process using aluminum electrode have been determined to be pH:6, current density:100A/m2, conductivity:500µS/cm and operating time:20min. 79,5% color, 60,2% COD and 91,9% turbidity removal efficiencies were obtained under these conditions. Optimum experimental conditions, for the iron electrode, have been determined to be pH:8, current density:75A/m2, conductivity:1000µS/cm and operating time:20min which resulted in 99,07% color, 42,26% COD and 91,89% turbidity removal efficiencies. Operational costs for aluminum and iron electrodes were calculated to be 1,489$/m3 and 0,504 $/m3 respectively.

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Control of Organic Matter by Coagulation and Floc Separation

Cited by 160 publications

References 0 publications

Pharmaceuticals, Personal Care Products, and Endocrine Disruptors in Water: Implications for the Water Industry

Pharmaceuticals, Personal Care Products, and Endocrine Disruptors in Water: Implications for the Water Industry

Measuring Floc Structural Characteristics

The Investigation of the Removal of Reactive Orange 16 DYE From Textile Wastewater by Using Electrocoagulation Process

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