Control of myogenesis by rodent SINE-containing lncRNAs

Abstract

Staufen1-mediated mRNA decay (SMD) degrades mRNAs that harbor a Staufen1-binding site (SBS) in their 39 untranslated regions (UTRs). Human SBSs can form by intermolecular base-pairing between a 39 UTR Alu element and an Alu element within a long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) called a 1 ⁄ 2 -sbsRNA. Since Alu elements are confined to primates, it was unclear how SMD occurs in rodents. Here we identify mouse mRNA 39 UTRs and lncRNAs that contain a B1, B2, B4, or identifier (ID) element. We show that SMD occurs in mouse cells via mRNA-lncRNA base-pairing of partially complementary elements and that mouse 1 ⁄ 2 -sbsRNA (m 1 ⁄ 2 -sbsRNA)-triggered SMD regulates C2C12 cell myogenesis. Our findings define new roles for lncRNAs as well as B and ID short interspersed elements (SINEs) in mice that undoubtedly influence many developmental and homeostatic pathways.

Novel Long Noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in Myogenesis: a miR-31 Overlapping lncRNA Transcript Controls Myoblast Differentiation

“…Notably, the levels of human linc-MD1 expression are low in myoblasts of patients affected by Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) (15), while proper differentiation was rescued by exogenous administration of linc-MD1 (11). More recently, other muscle-specific lncRNAs, containing short interspersed elements (SINEs) and regulating gene expression by driving Staufen1 (STAU1)-mediated mRNA decay, were also linked to myogenesis (13). However, the number of lncRNAs identified as myogenic regulators so far is still exiguous and the identification of new species is required to define the role of these transcripts in muscle specification.…”

“…Among sncRNAs, the characterization of miR-1/miR-206 and miR-133 microRNA (miRNA) families in both muscle physiology and diseases was of primary interest (7)(8)(9)(10). Besides characterizing miRNAs, a number of studies also focused on the participation of lncRNAs in muscular circuitries (11)(12)(13). lncRNAs represent a class of transcripts longer than 200 nucleotides with little or no protein-coding capacity.…”

Regulation of Glucose-Dependent Gene Expression by the RNA Helicase Dbp2 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

“…If this were the case, the HXT lncRNAs may function similarly to PHO84 lncRNA that functions as a "bimodal" switch to promote different cell fates within a genetically identical population (Castelnuovo et al 2013). A third possibility is that the antisense HXT transcripts function in the cytoplasm, controlling translational efficiency to stability of the corresponding sense mRNA (Carrieri et al 2012;Pelechano and Steinmetz 2013;Wang et al 2013). Additional experiments are necessary to uncover potential mechanisms for these antisense lncRNAs in cellular homeostasis.…”

The Persistent Contributions of RNA to Eukaryotic Gen(om)e Architecture and Cellular Function

“…TEs of a certain class might harbor not only TFBS, but also numerous other functional sequences in their consensus sequences, and, perhaps, mainly because these elements are defined by their designation, proposals with highly diverse functions are being published, even involving TEs with very narrow phylogenetic distributions Espinoza et al 2004Espinoza et al , 2007Lunyak et al 2007;Mariner et al 2008;Gong and Maquat 2011;Yakovchuk et al 2011;Carrieri et al 2012;Jady et al 2012;Holdt et al 2013;Ponicsan et al 2013;Wang et al 2013). Somatic LINE element integrations even have been implied in the development of the brain (Muotri et al 2005;Coufal et al 2009;Faulkner et al 2009;Singer et al 2010;Baillie et al 2011;Upton et al 2011;Perrat et al 2013;Reilly et al 2013).…”