Control of Myelination by Specific Patterns of Neural Impulses

Stevens, Beth; Tanner, Sandra; Fields, R. Douglas

doi:10.1523/jneurosci.18-22-09303.1998

Cited by 156 publications

(143 citation statements)

References 39 publications

(61 reference statements)

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“…This hypothesis is also consistent with the difference in the FA values we observed between the E-ND1 and E-ND2 groups. Previous studies have suggested that the myelination process is dynamic and dependent on neural activity (38)(39)(40)(41)(42)(43)(44)(45)(46). It is thought that signals released from strongly active axons can trigger myelin production (41), and that the increased myelination facilitates signal transduction along the axonal fibers, allowing better information transfer across brain regions to accomplish the required tasks (for a review, see ref.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Brain white matter structure and COMT gene are linked to second-language learning in adults

Mamiya

Richards

Coe

et al. 2016

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Adult human brains retain the capacity to undergo tissue reorganization during second-language learning. Brain-imaging studies show a relationship between neuroanatomical properties and learning for adults exposed to a second language. However, the role of genetic factors in this relationship has not been investigated. The goal of the current study was twofold: (i) to characterize the relationship between brain white matter fiber-tract properties and second-language immersion using diffusion tensor imaging, and (ii) to determine whether polymorphisms in the catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) gene affect the relationship. We recruited incoming Chinese students enrolled in the University of Washington and scanned their brains one time. We measured the diffusion properties of the white matter fiber tracts and correlated them with the number of days each student had been in the immersion program at the time of the brain scan. We found that higher numbers of days in the English immersion program correlated with higher fractional anisotropy and lower radial diffusivity in the right superior longitudinal fasciculus. We show that fractional anisotropy declined once the subjects finished the immersion program. The relationship between brain white matter fiber-tract properties and immersion varied in subjects with different COMT genotypes. Subjects with the Methionine (Met)/Valine (Val) and Val/Val genotypes showed higher fractional anisotropy and lower radial diffusivity during immersion, which reversed immediately after immersion ended, whereas those with the Met/Met genotype did not show these relationships. Statistical modeling revealed that subjects' grades in the language immersion program were best predicted by fractional anisotropy and COMT genotype.genetic variation | short-term plasticity | dopamine S econd-language learning in adulthood is becoming increasingly prevalent as globalization advances. Previous studies show that gray matter volume and density are related to foreign language speech learning (1, 2), and that the degree of volumetric change in an individual predicts the level of foreign language proficiency achieved by that person (3, 4). Recent studies using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) techniques further show that diffusion properties of brain white matter structure are correlated with foreign language learning (5-7). One of these studies demonstrated that the changes in diffusion properties predicted students' second-language proficiency at the end of a language immersion program (7). These findings suggest that the properties of brain structure change with the acquisition of a new language, and that the adult human brain is capable of tissue reorganization in response to intense use of a new language after the putative "critical period."What remains unknown is whether and how genetic factors are related to brain white matter fiber-tract properties as learning ensues. Cumulative evidence using DTI analysis has suggested that brain white matter fiber-tract properties are related to skill learning ...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Brain white matter structure and COMT gene are linked to second-language learning in adults

Mamiya

Richards

Coe

et al. 2016

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…In cultured mouse dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons, Stevens et al (11) showed that specific frequencies of action potential firing, rather than the overall level of impulse activity, was required for axon myelination.…”

Section: Central Nervous Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Density and activity of sodium channels are regulated via not-fully defined mechanisms during cell development and differentiation; interestingly, different patterns of action potentials convey distinct information, which is decoded via unidentified mechanisms to regulate genotypic and phenotypic events (6,7,11,17). Unfortunately, there exist multiple layers of sodium channel abnormalities: [a] altered functions of normal sodium channel proteins by noxious insults (e.g., ischemia / hypoxia, toxins, or antibodies) or structural damages (e.g., demyelination, desmyelination, or remyelination failure) (13, 30 -35, 44 -51); [b] expression of mutant sodium channel proteins (52 -59); and [c] aberrant expression levels of normal sodium channel proteins or otherwise silent normal sodium channel genes (37,42).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Roles of Voltage-Dependent Sodium Channels in Neuronal Development, Pain, and Neurodegeneration

Wada

2006

J Pharmacol Sci

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Abstract. Besides initiating and propagating action potentials in established neuronal circuits, voltage-dependent sodium channels sculpt and bolster the functional neuronal network from early in embryonic development through adulthood (e.g., differentiation of oligodendrocyte precursor cells into oligodendrocytes, myelinating axon; competition between neighboring equipotential neurites for development into a single axon; enhancing and opposing functional interactions with attractive and repulsive molecules for axon pathfinding; extending and retracting terminal arborization of axon for correct synapse formation; experience-driven cognition; neuronal survival; and remyelination of demyelinated axons). Surprisingly, different patterns of action potentials direct homeostasis-based epigenetic selection for neurotransmitter phenotype, thus excitability by sodium channels specifying expression of inhibitory neurotransmitters. Mechanisms for these pleiotropic effects of sodium channels include reciprocal interactions between neurons and glia via neurotransmitters, growth factors, and cytokines at synapses and axons. Sodium channelopathies causing pain (e.g., allodynia) and neurodegeneration (e.g., multiple sclerosis) derive from 1) electrophysiological disturbances by insults (e.g., ischemia / hypoxia, toxins, and antibodies); 2) loss-of-physiological function or gain-of-pathological function of mutant sodium channel proteins; 3) spatiotemporal inappropriate expression of normal sodium channel proteins; or 4) de-repressed expression of otherwise silent sodium channel genes. Na v 1.7 proved to account for pain in human erythermalgia and inflammation, being the convincing molecular target of pain treatment.

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“…DRG cultures were maintained in medium containing 5% horse serum supplemented with 50 ng ml −1 nerve growth factor (NGF) according to previously published methods (Fields et al, 1990). SCs, obtained from the sciatic nerve of postnatal mice (P2) were cultured and purified using the Brockes method as described previously (Stevens et al, 1998), with the following modifications. SCs were cultured on poly-L-Lysine coated dishes in medium containing 5% horse serum.…”

Section: Cell Culturementioning

confidence: 99%

“…To determine whether this is mediated by activation of either ATP receptors or adenosine receptors (or both), DRG neurons were stimulated electrically (10 Hz, 30 min) and phosphorylated ERK1/2 MAPK determined immunocytochemically in SCs cocultured with DRGs in a multicompartment chamber equipped with stimulating electrodes Stevens et al, 1998) (Fig. 3A).…”

Section: Action Potential-dependent Activation Of Erk1/2 Mapk Is Not mentioning

confidence: 99%

Adenosine: an activity-dependent axonal signal regulating MAP kinase and proliferation in developing Schwann cells

et al. 2004

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Nonsynaptic release of ATP from electrically stimulated dorsal root gangion (DRG) axons inhibits Schwann cell (SC) proliferation and arrests SC development at the premyelinating stage, but the specific types of purinergic receptor(s) and intracellular signaling pathways involved in this form of neuron-glia communication are not known. Recent research shows that adenosine is a neuron-glial transmitter between axons and myelinating glia of the CNS. The present study investigates the possibility that adenosine might have a similar function in communicating between axons and premyelinating SCs. Using a combination of pharmacological and molecular approaches, we found that mouse SCs in culture express functional adenosine receptors and ATP receptors, a far more complex array of purinergic receptors than thought previously. Adenosine, but not ATP, activates ERK/MAPK through stimulation of cAMP-linked A2 A adenosine receptors. Both ATP and adenosine inhibit proliferation of SCs induced by platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), via mechanisms that are partly independent. In contrast to ATP, adenosine failed to inhibit the differentiation of SCs to the O4+ stage. This indicates that, in addition to ATP, adenosine is an activity-dependent signaling molecule between axons and premyelinating Schwann cells, but that electrical activity, acting through adenosine, has opposite effects on the differentiation of myelinating glia in the PNS and CNS.

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Control of Myelination by Specific Patterns of Neural Impulses

Cited by 156 publications

References 39 publications

Brain white matter structure and COMT gene are linked to second-language learning in adults

Brain white matter structure and COMT gene are linked to second-language learning in adults

Roles of Voltage-Dependent Sodium Channels in Neuronal Development, Pain, and Neurodegeneration

Adenosine: an activity-dependent axonal signal regulating MAP kinase and proliferation in developing Schwann cells

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