Control of multiple arthropod vector infestations with subolesin/akirin vaccines

Moreno-Cid, Juan A.; Lastra, José Manuel Pérez de la; Villar, Margarita; Jiménez, Maribel; Pinal, R.; Estrada-Peña, Agustı́n; Molina, Ricardo; Lucientes, Javier; Gortázar, Christian; Fuente, José de la

doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2012.12.073

Cited by 77 publications

(84 citation statements)

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“…For Bm86, there is a direct correlation between the titer of antibodies to this antigen and the efficacy of vaccination, measured through the direct effect on the fertility of the ticks engorged on vaccinated grazing cattle (DE LA FUENTE et al, 1998). There is also a correlation between antibody titers to others antigens, such as Bm95, Subolisin (SUB), Elongation Factor 1a (EF1a), Ubiquitin (UBQ), akirin (AKR) and Trypsin Inhibitor (RmLTI), and the vaccine efficacy ANDREOTTI et al, 2012;CARREÓN et al, 2012;DE LA FUENTE et al, 1998;HAVLÍKOVÁ et al, 2013;MERINO et al, 2011;MORENO-CID et al, 2013). In some experiments, different Bm86 amounts were tested, and 100 µg was accepted as the optimal composition RODRÍGUEZ et al, 1994;WILLADSEN et al, 1989).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Calculation of the efficacy of vaccines against tick infestations on cattle

Cunha

Andreotti

Garcia

et al. 2013

Rev. Bras. Parasitol. Vet.

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Cattle ticks are responsible for great economic losses in cattle farming worldwide, and their main control method, chemicals, has been showing problems, whether resulting from the development of resistant strains of ticks or environmental contamination. Research studies directed toward developing vaccines against ticks are emerging. One way to evaluate those vaccines is to calculate the percentage of efficacy. The aim of this study was to analyze scientific publications archived in PubMed that used this method of assessment and discuss the main factors that may affect its calculation. Thus, 25 articles addressing this subject were selected. The percentage of efficacy was usually calculated in one of two ways, with one considering the reduced fertility of eggs and the other not. The latter method may underestimate the vaccine efficacy, and the most complete formula for calculating the efficacy reflects how much the vaccine actually affects the infestation. In our view, the use of the complete formula for calculating the percentage of efficacy is broader and more representative of the vaccine effect on the tick population.Keywords: Efficiency, ticks, vaccine, bovine. ResumoCarrapatos de bovinos são responsáveis por grandes perdas econômicas para a pecuária bovina mundial e seu principal método de controle, o químico, vem apresentando problemas, seja pelo desenvolvimento de amostras de carrapatos resistentes ou pela contaminação ambiental. Na tentativa de diminuir a utilização dos acaricidas, surgem pesquisas direcionadas ao desenvolvimento de vacinas contra carrapatos. Uma maneira de avaliar essas vacinas é pelo cálculo de percentagem de eficácia. O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar as publicações científicas indexadas no PubMed que utilizaram este método de avaliação e discutir os principais fatores que podem interferir no seu cálculo. Dessa maneira, selecionaram-se 25 artigos que tratavam desse assunto. A percentagem de eficácia apareceu sendo calculada de duas formas, uma considerando a redução da fertilidade dos ovos e a outra não. Essa última pode subestimar a eficiência da vacina, e a fórmula de cálculo da eficácia mais completa representa o quanto da infestação a vacina realmente reduziu. Em nosso entendimento, a utilização da fórmula completa para o cálculo da percentagem de eficácia é mais abrangente e representativa do efeito da vacina na população de carrapatos.Palavras-chave: Eficiência, carrapato, vacina, bovino.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Calculation of the efficacy of vaccines against tick infestations on cattle

Cunha

Andreotti

Garcia

et al. 2013

Rev. Bras. Parasitol. Vet.

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“…Akirin may even provide a target Ag for the development of a vaccine against insect vectorborne diseases (e.g., Ref. 85).…”

Section: Regulation Of the Imd Signaling Pathwaymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Drosophila Imd Signaling Pathway

Myllymäki

Valanne

Rämet

2014

The Journal of Immunology

440

357

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The fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster, has helped us to understand how innate immunity is activated. In addition to the Toll receptor and the Toll signaling pathway, the Drosophila immune response is regulated by another evolutionarily conserved signaling cascade, the immune deficiency (Imd) pathway, which activates NF-κB. In fact, the Imd pathway controls the expression of most of the antimicrobial peptides in Drosophila; thus, it is indispensable for normal immunity in flies. In this article, we review the current literature on the Drosophila Imd pathway, with special emphasis on its role in the (patho)physiology of different organs. We discuss the systemic response, as well as local responses, in the epithelial and mucosal surfaces and the nervous system.

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“…Some recently discovered tick protective antigens have been observed not only to reduce tick infestations but also to prevent the transmission of some tick-borne pathogens, paving the way for the development of vaccines with the dual target of controlling arthropod infestations and reducing the vectors' capacity to transmit pathogens affecting human and animal health [13,15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%