Control of Leaky-Mode Propagation and Radiation Properties in Hybrid Dielectric-Waveguide Printed-Circuit Technology: Experimental Results

Abstract

Abstract-Experimental results are presented to show how a planar circuit, printed on a laterally shielded dielectric waveguide, can induce and control the radiation from a leaky-mode. By studying the leaky-mode complex propagation constant, a desired radiation pattern can be synthesized, controlling the main radiation characteristics (pointing direction, beamwidth, sidelobes level) for a given frequency, This technique leads to very flexible and original leaky-wave antenna designs. The experiments show to be in very good agreement with the leaky-mode theory.Index Terms-Hybrid waveguide printed circuit technology, leaky-wave antennas, sidelobes level control, tapering antennas.

LTE low-cost vertical sectorization through a leaky-wave antenna

“…However, the periodic printed circuit can also control the leakage level of this leaky mode by virtue of its behavior as a Frequency Selective Surface (FSS). Certainly, the leakage level of the horizontal TE 01 leaky mode can be controlled by the degree of transparency (or inversely the opacity) of this FSS made of periodic patches, which mainly depends on its resonant length W in Fig.2a. As it was demonstrated in [15], α/k 0 becomes null if the printed circuit patches are resonating for W≈λ/2. Shorter patches make the FSS more transparent, thus permitting more radiation and increasing α/k 0 , as summarized in Table I.…”

“…As demonstrated in [14,15], the fundamental vertical TE 10 mode becomes leaky (radiative) if the strip is located asymmetrically w.r.t. the parallel-plate side walls of the DRWG (d denotes the lateral offset position of the strip in Fig.2a).…”

“…Nevertheless, Figs.6 and 7 illustrate the procedure to vary the leakage rates of the TE 10 /TE 01 LMs, respectively. Basically, the TE 10 LM leakage rate is controlled by virtue of the aforedescribed asymmetry radiation mechanism, which is based on the printed patches offset location d [12,[14][15].…”

Printed Leaky-Wave Antenna With Aperture Control Using Width-Modulated Microstrip Lines and TM Surface-Wave Feeding by SIW Technology

“…One solution can be to use leaky-wave antennas (LWAs) and surface-wave (SW) driven structures. Examples include microstrip-based planar antennas [1]- [6], substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) antennas [7], [8], or even hybrid types where planar and metallic technologies are combined [9]- [11]. In general, these antennas can also be used in a wide range of applications for machine-to-machine (M2M) systems [12], charging stations [13], or local Internet of Things (IoT) [14] services.…”

Periodic Ridged Leaky-Wave Antenna Design Based on SIW Technology

“…However, designing these structures based on PPW stubs could result in structures with a fixed phase constant and variable leakage rate. Consequently, beam broadening in the antenna patterns could be prevented [8]- [10].…”