Control of iron chlorosis in apple trees with injections of ferrous sulfate and ferric citrate and with soil‐applied iron‐sul

Abstract

1984) Control of iron chlorosis in apple trees with injections of ferrous sulfate and ferric citrate and with soil-applied iron-sul , ABSTRACT Chlorotic 'Red Delicious' apple (Malus domestica Borkh) trees located in Utah County, Utah, were treated for iron deficiency through pressure injection and soil treatment in September, 1981. Injection treatments were either ferrous sulfate (FeSO 4 · 7H 2 O) or ferric citrate (FeC 6 H 5 O 7 . H 2 O) at rates of 100 ml of 1% solution per year of tree age. Tne soil treatment was surface-broadcast acidified iron-rich mining residue (iron-sul) at approximately 1 kg per year of tree age. Cnlorotic conditions were completely eliminated by the spring of 1982 by ferrous sulfate injection. Ferric citrate injection decreased, but did not completely eliminate iron chlorosis. Visual observations were similar in 1983. The iron-sul treatment gave no apparent improvement of the chlorotic condition in the first season after treatment, and only slight improvement the second year. The improvement in chlorotic conditions gave correspondingly heavier fruit set, higher chlorophyll levels and greater shoot growth for trees injected with both ferrous sulfate and ferric citrate. However, even iron-sul significantly improved shoot growth and chlorophyll content compared to the untreated control. Some injury at the injection site was observed for both injected compounds. INTRODUCTION,

Response of date palm to iron fertilization by trunk injection and soil application

“…Raese & Parish (1984) injected pear trees with 20 to 60 g of FeS04 (depending upon tree size) of 1 % dilution and found that trunk injection improved tree performance and increased the level of Fe and green colour in the leaves and fruits. A similar response was obtained when FeS04 was injected in apple trees at rates of 100 ml of 1 % solution per year of tree age ( Barney et al, 1984).…”

“…The soils of Al-Hassa oasis are calcareous and, hence, lime-induced Fe chlorosis had been observed in many crop plants growing in the oasis such as maize, sorghum, legumes, tomato and okra. Citrus and grape trees are often intercropped with date palm trees and frequently show Fe deficiency symptoms which indicate that the soils of such orchards have Barney et al, 1984). For soil application FeEDDHA was found to be the most suitable chelate for calcareous soils (Basiouny et al, 1970;Hamre et al, 1985).…”

Effect of the rootstock on the occurrence of lime-induced chlorosis of potted Vitis vinifera L. cv. ?Pinot blanc?

“…On one hand the chlorosis seems to be due to a low iron translocation to the leaves (Bavaresco et al, 1992;Hfiussling et al, 1985); on the other hand the chlorosis symptoms are related to high iron levels (Mengel and Malissiovas, 1981;Mengel et al, 1984a). This latter finding was noticed also in species other than grapevine (Abadia, 1992;Barney et al, 1984;Mengel and Geurtzen, 1988;Procopiu and Wallace, 1982;Wallace et al, 1976). Therefore, considerable efforts have been done to assay only the active iron in the plant tissue and this iron form was successfully correlated with the leaf chlorophyll content in grapevine (Hfiussling et al, 1985;Mengel et al, 1984b).…”

Correction of iron deficiency in trees by injection with ferric ammonium citrate solution

“…This latter method may produce an extensive necrotic area around the hole due to high concentration of the substance at that point (Thomas & Haas 1928). Recent data presented at the Second International Iron Symposium held in August 1983 (Raese & Parish 1984;Barney et al 1984Barney et al , 1985 showed that injection of ferrous sulfate was effective in correcting iron chlorosis. However, large quantities of solution are required (2 to 8 liters).…”